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國(guo)務院國(guo)資(zi)委近(jin)日印發《中央(yang)企業(ye)工資(zi)總額管(guan)理辦(ban)法》（國(guo)資(zi)委令第39號，以下簡(jian)稱《辦(ban)法》）。

《辦法(fa)》以(yi)習近平新(xin)時代中(zhong)國(guo)特色(se)社會主(zhu)義思想為指引，以(yi)建立(li)健全與(yu)勞動(dong)力市(shi)場(chang)基(ji)本(ben)(ben)適(shi)應、與(yu)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)經濟效(xiao)益和勞動(dong)生(sheng)產率掛鉤的工資(zi)決定和正常增長機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)，增強(qiang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)活力和動(dong)力，促進企(qi)業(ye)(ye)實現(xian)高質量發展(zhan)，推動(dong)國(guo)有資(zi)本(ben)(ben)做強(qiang)做優做大為目標，以(yi)出資(zi)人管(guan)資(zi)本(ben)(ben)為主(zhu)強(qiang)化(hua)激勵(li)約束(shu)建設為遵循(xun)，按照《國(guo)務院關于改革國(guo)有企(qi)業(ye)(ye)工資(zi)決定機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)的意見》（國(guo)發〔2018〕16號(hao)，以(yi)下簡稱《意見》）精神，在繼承以(yi)往有效(xiao)經驗和做法(fa)的基(ji)礎上，對(dui)現(xian)行(xing)中(zhong)央企(qi)業(ye)(ye)工資(zi)總額管(guan)理相(xiang)關制(zhi)(zhi)度辦法(fa)進行(xing)修改和完(wan)善。

《辦(ban)法(fa)》明(ming)確對(dui)(dui)中央(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)總額(e)(e)實(shi)行(xing)分類管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)。對(dui)(dui)主(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)處(chu)于(yu)(yu)充分競爭(zheng)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和領域(yu)的(de)(de)商(shang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)類中央(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)總額(e)(e)預算原(yuan)則上全部實(shi)行(xing)備案制管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)，由企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)董事會在依(yi)法(fa)依(yi)規的(de)(de)前(qian)提(ti)下(xia)，自主(zhu)決定年度工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)總額(e)(e)預算，國資(zi)(zi)委由事前(qian)核準轉變為(wei)事前(qian)引導、事中監測(ce)和事后監督；對(dui)(dui)主(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)處(chu)于(yu)(yu)關系(xi)國家安全、國民經(jing)濟(ji)命(ming)脈的(de)(de)重要行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和關鍵領域(yu)、主(zhu)要承擔重大(da)專項任務的(de)(de)商(shang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)類中央(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和以(yi)提(ti)供公(gong)(gong)共產品或(huo)服務為(wei)主(zhu)的(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)益類中央(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)總額(e)(e)預算繼續實(shi)行(xing)核準制管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)；對(dui)(dui)開展國有(you)資(zi)(zi)本(ben)投(tou)資(zi)(zi)、運營公(gong)(gong)司或(huo)者混合所有(you)制改革等(deng)試點(dian)的(de)(de)中央(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，提(ti)出(chu)可(ke)以(yi)探索實(shi)行(xing)更加靈活高效的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)總額(e)(e)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)方式。

《辦法(fa)》明(ming)確對中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)工資總額實(shi)行(xing)分(fen)(fen)級(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)理。按照《中(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang) 國(guo)務(wu)院關于深化(hua)國(guo)有企(qi)業(ye)(ye)改革(ge)的(de)指導意見》（中(zhong)(zhong)發(fa)〔2015〕22號，以(yi)下簡稱中(zhong)(zhong)發(fa)22號文件）、《國(guo)務(wu)院辦公廳關于轉發(fa)國(guo)務(wu)院國(guo)資委以(yi)管(guan)(guan)資本為主推進職能轉變(bian)方案的(de)通知》（國(guo)辦發(fa)〔2017〕38號）要求，結合當前中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)工資總額管(guan)(guan)理實(shi)際，強調中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)工資總額實(shi)行(xing)分(fen)(fen)級(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)理體制，國(guo)資委與(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)權責(ze)清晰、各司其職，國(guo)資委負責(ze)管(guan)(guan)制度、管(guan)(guan)總量(liang)、管(guan)(guan)監督，中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)負責(ze)管(guan)(guan)內(nei)部自(zi)主分(fen)(fen)配、管(guan)(guan)預算分(fen)(fen)解落實(shi)、管(guan)(guan)具體操(cao)作(zuo)執(zhi)行(xing)。

《辦(ban)法(fa)》緊(jin)緊(jin)圍繞中發(fa)22號文(wen)件和(he)《意(yi)見(jian)》關于(yu)“建立健全與(yu)勞動力市場基本適應(ying)、與(yu)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業經濟效(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)和(he)勞動生產(chan)率掛(gua)鉤的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)決定(ding)和(he)正常增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)機(ji)制”的(de)(de)要(yao)求，明(ming)確(que)規定(ding)中央企(qi)(qi)(qi)業工(gong)(gong)資(zi)總額預(yu)算主要(yao)按(an)照效(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)決定(ding)、效(xiao)(xiao)率調(diao)(diao)整(zheng)、水(shui)平(ping)調(diao)(diao)控三個(ge)環節(jie)決定(ding)。一是中央企(qi)(qi)(qi)業工(gong)(gong)資(zi)總額預(yu)算與(yu)利(li)潤總額等經濟效(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)指(zhi)標(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)業績考核目標(biao)(biao)值掛(gua)鉤，并且根據目標(biao)(biao)值的(de)(de)先(xian)進(jin)(jin)程度確(que)定(ding)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)預(yu)算水(shui)平(ping)，引導中央企(qi)(qi)(qi)業通過完成(cheng)高質量(liang)發(fa)展目標(biao)(biao)，帶動職工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)總額合理(li)有(you)序增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)。二是工(gong)(gong)資(zi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)還應(ying)當通過人工(gong)(gong)成(cheng)本投入(ru)產(chan)出效(xiao)(xiao)率、勞動生產(chan)率等指(zhi)標(biao)(biao)對標(biao)(biao)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)調(diao)(diao)整(zheng)，進(jin)(jin)一步協調(diao)(diao)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)效(xiao)(xiao)率的(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業之(zhi)間工(gong)(gong)資(zi)分(fen)配(pei)關系，提高企(qi)(qi)(qi)業工(gong)(gong)資(zi)總額決定(ding)機(ji)制的(de)(de)科學性(xing)與(yu)有(you)效(xiao)(xiao)性(xing)。三是注重收入(ru)分(fen)配(pei)公平(ping)，國資(zi)委將按(an)照國家有(you)關部門發(fa)布的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)指(zhi)導線和(he)對非(fei)競爭(zheng)類(lei)國有(you)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)調(diao)(diao)控要(yao)求，對部分(fen)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)水(shui)平(ping)偏(pian)高、過高的(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)(xing)業與(yu)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業，尤其是主業不(bu)(bu)屬于(yu)充分(fen)競爭(zheng)行(xing)(xing)(xing)業和(he)領(ling)域的(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業工(gong)(gong)資(zi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)過快的(de)(de)情況(kuang)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)適當約束，確(que)保(bao)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業職工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)的(de)(de)水(shui)平(ping)與(yu)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)幅度更加公平(ping)合理(li)、規范有(you)序。同(tong)時(shi)，對中央企(qi)(qi)(qi)業承擔重大(da)專項任務、重大(da)科技創新項目等特殊事(shi)項的(de)(de)，《辦(ban)法(fa)》也明(ming)確(que)將予以適度支持。

《辦法(fa)》在從宏觀層面(mian)完善國家、企(qi)業(ye)(ye)和(he)職工(gong)三者工(gong)資分(fen)(fen)配(pei)(pei)關(guan)系，加大出(chu)資人向中央企(qi)業(ye)(ye)董事會(hui)授權的(de)同時(shi)，也(ye)同步對(dui)責任(ren)(ren)落實和(he)制(zhi)度(du)配(pei)(pei)套進行了規定。一是強調(diao)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)作為內(nei)部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)配(pei)(pei)的(de)責任(ren)(ren)主體，應當持續深化內(nei)部(bu)(bu)(bu)三項制(zhi)度(du)改革，構建企(qi)業(ye)(ye)內(nei)部(bu)(bu)(bu)管(guan)(guan)理人員能(neng)上(shang)能(neng)下(xia)、員工(gong)能(neng)進能(neng)出(chu)、收入能(neng)增能(neng)減的(de)市(shi)場化勞動用工(gong)和(he)收入分(fen)(fen)配(pei)(pei)管(guan)(guan)理機制(zhi)，切(qie)實承擔(dan)起搞好、搞活企(qi)業(ye)(ye)內(nei)部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)配(pei)(pei)的(de)職責。二是加強監(jian)督檢查，明確(que)界(jie)定企(qi)業(ye)(ye)違規責任(ren)(ren)，并將企(qi)業(ye)(ye)工(gong)資總額管(guan)(guan)理情(qing)況納入各項監(jian)督檢查范(fan)圍，與審計、巡視等(deng)工(gong)作形成合力(li)，確(que)保實現權責對(dui)等(deng)，監(jian)管(guan)(guan)到位。

【責任編輯：李瑛】