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國(guo)務院國(guo)資(zi)委(wei)近日(ri)印發(fa)《中(zhong)央企業工(gong)資(zi)總額管理辦法(fa)》（國(guo)資(zi)委(wei)令第(di)39號，以下簡稱《辦法(fa)》）。

《辦法(fa)》以習近(jin)平新(xin)時代中國(guo)特色(se)社會(hui)主(zhu)(zhu)義思想為指引，以建(jian)立健全與(yu)勞動(dong)力(li)市場(chang)基本適(shi)應(ying)、與(yu)企業(ye)經濟效益和勞動(dong)生產率掛(gua)鉤(gou)的工資(zi)決定(ding)和正常增(zeng)長機制(zhi)，增(zeng)強(qiang)企業(ye)活力(li)和動(dong)力(li)，促進企業(ye)實(shi)現高質量發展(zhan)，推(tui)動(dong)國(guo)有資(zi)本做(zuo)(zuo)強(qiang)做(zuo)(zuo)優做(zuo)(zuo)大為目標，以出(chu)資(zi)人管資(zi)本為主(zhu)(zhu)強(qiang)化(hua)激(ji)勵約束建(jian)設(she)為遵循，按照《國(guo)務院關于改革國(guo)有企業(ye)工資(zi)決定(ding)機制(zhi)的意(yi)見》（國(guo)發〔2018〕16號，以下簡稱《意(yi)見》）精(jing)神，在繼承(cheng)以往有效經驗(yan)和做(zuo)(zuo)法(fa)的基礎上，對現行中央企業(ye)工資(zi)總(zong)額管理相關制(zhi)度辦法(fa)進行修改和完善。

《辦(ban)法》明確對中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央企(qi)(qi)業工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總額(e)實(shi)行分類(lei)管理(li)。對主業處(chu)于充分競爭行業和領域的(de)(de)商業類(lei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央企(qi)(qi)業工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總額(e)預(yu)算原(yuan)則上全部實(shi)行備案制管理(li)，由企(qi)(qi)業董事會在(zai)依(yi)法依(yi)規的(de)(de)前提下(xia)，自(zi)主決定年度(du)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總額(e)預(yu)算，國(guo)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)委由事前核準(zhun)轉變(bian)為(wei)事前引導、事中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)監(jian)測(ce)和事后監(jian)督；對主業處(chu)于關系國(guo)家安(an)全、國(guo)民(min)經濟(ji)命脈的(de)(de)重要(yao)行業和關鍵領域、主要(yao)承擔重大專項任(ren)務的(de)(de)商業類(lei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央企(qi)(qi)業和以提供公(gong)共產(chan)品或服務為(wei)主的(de)(de)公(gong)益類(lei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央企(qi)(qi)業，工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總額(e)預(yu)算繼續實(shi)行核準(zhun)制管理(li)；對開展(zhan)國(guo)有資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)投資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、運(yun)營公(gong)司或者混合所有制改革等試(shi)點的(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央企(qi)(qi)業，提出可以探索實(shi)行更加(jia)靈活高效(xiao)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總額(e)管理(li)方式。

《辦法(fa)》明確對中(zhong)(zhong)央企(qi)業工資總(zong)額實(shi)(shi)行(xing)分(fen)(fen)級(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)。按照《中(zhong)(zhong)共中(zhong)(zhong)央 國(guo)務院關(guan)于深(shen)化國(guo)有企(qi)業改(gai)革的指導意見》（中(zhong)(zhong)發〔2015〕22號，以下簡稱中(zhong)(zhong)發22號文件(jian)）、《國(guo)務院辦公(gong)廳關(guan)于轉發國(guo)務院國(guo)資委以管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)資本為主推進職能轉變方案(an)的通知》（國(guo)辦發〔2017〕38號）要求，結合當前中(zhong)(zhong)央企(qi)業工資總(zong)額管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)實(shi)(shi)際，強調中(zhong)(zhong)央企(qi)業工資總(zong)額實(shi)(shi)行(xing)分(fen)(fen)級(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)體(ti)制，國(guo)資委與中(zhong)(zhong)央企(qi)業權(quan)責清晰、各(ge)司其職，國(guo)資委負責管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)制度、管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)總(zong)量、管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)監督，中(zhong)(zhong)央企(qi)業負責管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)內部自主分(fen)(fen)配、管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)預算分(fen)(fen)解落實(shi)(shi)、管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)具體(ti)操作執行(xing)。

《辦(ban)法》緊緊圍繞中(zhong)發(fa)22號(hao)文件和(he)《意見》關(guan)于“建立健全與(yu)勞動(dong)力市場基本適(shi)應(ying)、與(yu)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)經(jing)濟(ji)效(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)和(he)勞動(dong)生(sheng)產率(lv)(lv)掛(gua)鉤的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)決定(ding)和(he)正(zheng)常增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)機制(zhi)”的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)，明確規(gui)定(ding)中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)總額(e)預(yu)算主要(yao)按照效(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)決定(ding)、效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)(lv)調整(zheng)、水平(ping)調控三個環節決定(ding)。一是(shi)(shi)中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)總額(e)預(yu)算與(yu)利潤(run)總額(e)等經(jing)濟(ji)效(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)指(zhi)標(biao)的(de)(de)(de)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)績考核目標(biao)值掛(gua)鉤，并且根據目標(biao)值的(de)(de)(de)先進(jin)程度確定(ding)不(bu)(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)預(yu)算水平(ping)，引導(dao)中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)通過(guo)(guo)(guo)完成(cheng)高質量發(fa)展目標(biao)，帶動(dong)職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)總額(e)合(he)理(li)有(you)(you)序增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)。二是(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)還應(ying)當通過(guo)(guo)(guo)人工(gong)(gong)成(cheng)本投(tou)入產出效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)(lv)、勞動(dong)生(sheng)產率(lv)(lv)等指(zhi)標(biao)對(dui)標(biao)進(jin)行調整(zheng)，進(jin)一步協調不(bu)(bu)同效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)(lv)的(de)(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)之間工(gong)(gong)資(zi)分(fen)(fen)配(pei)關(guan)系，提高企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)總額(e)決定(ding)機制(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)科學(xue)性與(yu)有(you)(you)效(xiao)(xiao)性。三是(shi)(shi)注重(zhong)(zhong)收入分(fen)(fen)配(pei)公平(ping)，國資(zi)委將(jiang)按照國家有(you)(you)關(guan)部(bu)門發(fa)布的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)指(zhi)導(dao)線(xian)和(he)對(dui)非競(jing)爭類國有(you)(you)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)調控要(yao)求(qiu)，對(dui)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)水平(ping)偏(pian)高、過(guo)(guo)(guo)高的(de)(de)(de)行業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)與(yu)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，尤其(qi)是(shi)(shi)主業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)不(bu)(bu)屬于充(chong)分(fen)(fen)競(jing)爭行業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)領域的(de)(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)過(guo)(guo)(guo)快(kuai)的(de)(de)(de)情況(kuang)進(jin)行適(shi)當約束，確保企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)的(de)(de)(de)水平(ping)與(yu)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)幅(fu)度更加公平(ping)合(he)理(li)、規(gui)范有(you)(you)序。同時，對(dui)中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)承擔重(zhong)(zhong)大專項任務、重(zhong)(zhong)大科技創新項目等特殊事(shi)項的(de)(de)(de)，《辦(ban)法》也明確將(jiang)予(yu)以適(shi)度支持。

《辦(ban)法》在從宏觀層面完善(shan)國家、企(qi)業(ye)和職工三者工資分(fen)(fen)配(pei)(pei)關系，加(jia)大(da)出(chu)資人向中央企(qi)業(ye)董事會(hui)授權的同(tong)時，也同(tong)步對責任落(luo)實(shi)和制(zhi)度(du)配(pei)(pei)套進行了規定。一是強(qiang)調企(qi)業(ye)作為內部分(fen)(fen)配(pei)(pei)的責任主體，應當(dang)持續深化(hua)內部三項制(zhi)度(du)改革，構(gou)建企(qi)業(ye)內部管(guan)理人員能(neng)(neng)上能(neng)(neng)下、員工能(neng)(neng)進能(neng)(neng)出(chu)、收(shou)(shou)入能(neng)(neng)增能(neng)(neng)減(jian)的市場化(hua)勞動用工和收(shou)(shou)入分(fen)(fen)配(pei)(pei)管(guan)理機(ji)制(zhi)，切實(shi)承擔起搞好、搞活企(qi)業(ye)內部分(fen)(fen)配(pei)(pei)的職責。二(er)是加(jia)強(qiang)監(jian)督檢查，明確界定企(qi)業(ye)違(wei)規責任，并將企(qi)業(ye)工資總額管(guan)理情況(kuang)納入各項監(jian)督檢查范圍，與審計、巡視等工作形成合力，確保(bao)實(shi)現權責對等，監(jian)管(guan)到位。

【責任編輯：李瑛】