文(wen)章來源：光明(ming)日報 發布時間：2021-12-23
剛剛閉(bi)幕的(de)中(zhong)(zhong)央經濟工(gong)作(zuo)會議就明年(nian)經濟工(gong)作(zuo)進(jin)行了具體(ti)部(bu)(bu)署，明確要求堅(jian)持(chi)系(xi)統(tong)觀念(nian)，以(yi)(yi)高質量(liang)發(fa)展為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“十四五”開好局(ju)(ju)，以(yi)(yi)優異成績(ji)慶祝(zhu)建(jian)黨100周年(nian)。遵(zun)循堅(jian)持(chi)系(xi)統(tong)觀念(nian)的(de)原則，在理論(lun)和實(shi)(shi)(shi)踐的(de)結合中(zhong)(zhong)，需(xu)要準確理解(jie)并(bing)統(tong)籌把(ba)握“立足新(xin)(xin)發(fa)展階段、堅(jian)持(chi)新(xin)(xin)發(fa)展理念(nian)、構(gou)建(jian)新(xin)(xin)發(fa)展格局(ju)(ju)”“以(yi)(yi)推(tui)動高質量(liang)發(fa)展為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主題(ti)，以(yi)(yi)深(shen)化供給(gei)側(ce)結構(gou)性(xing)(xing)改(gai)革為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主線”“堅(jian)持(chi)穩中(zhong)(zhong)求進(jin)工(gong)作(zuo)總基(ji)調，堅(jian)持(chi)扎實(shi)(shi)(shi)推(tui)進(jin)共同富裕，堅(jian)持(chi)統(tong)籌發(fa)展和安(an)全”這幾(ji)個(ge)重點內(nei)容(rong)和相關工(gong)作(zuo)部(bu)(bu)署，實(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)前瞻(zhan)性(xing)(xing)思考(kao)、全局(ju)(ju)性(xing)(xing)謀劃、戰略性(xing)(xing)布(bu)局(ju)(ju)、整體(ti)性(xing)(xing)推(tui)進(jin)，最終實(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)更高質量(liang)、更有效率、更加公(gong)平、更可持(chi)續、更為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)安(an)全的(de)發(fa)展，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)實(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)第二個(ge)百年(nian)奮(fen)斗目標、實(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)中(zhong)(zhong)華民族偉大復(fu)興(xing)的(de)中(zhong)(zhong)國夢(meng)奠定堅(jian)實(shi)(shi)(shi)基(ji)礎。
立足新發展階段、堅持新發展理念、構建新發展格局
此(ci)次中(zhong)央經濟工(gong)作會議強調，“適應新發(fa)(fa)展階段(duan)、貫徹(che)新發(fa)(fa)展理念、構建新發(fa)(fa)展格(ge)局”。明(ming)年(nian)是我國(guo)(guo)(guo)現代化(hua)建設(she)進(jin)(jin)程(cheng)中(zhong)具有(you)特殊重要(yao)(yao)性的(de)(de)一(yi)年(nian)，我們正(zheng)處于實現“兩個一(yi)百(bai)年(nian)”奮斗(dou)目標的(de)(de)歷(li)史交匯點，一(yi)方面(mian)(mian)全(quan)面(mian)(mian)建成小(xiao)康社(she)(she)會勝利在(zai)望，另一(yi)方面(mian)(mian)“十四五”期間將全(quan)面(mian)(mian)開啟(qi)建設(she)社(she)(she)會主(zhu)義(yi)現代化(hua)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家新征程(cheng)。面(mian)(mian)對世界百(bai)年(nian)未有(you)之大(da)變局，國(guo)(guo)(guo)內外發(fa)(fa)展環境發(fa)(fa)生了深(shen)刻變化(hua)，但我國(guo)(guo)(guo)發(fa)(fa)展仍處于重要(yao)(yao)戰略機遇期，發(fa)(fa)展不(bu)平衡(heng)不(bu)充分問題(ti)依然比較突出(chu)。準確把握我國(guo)(guo)(guo)進(jin)(jin)入新發(fa)(fa)展階段(duan)的(de)(de)內涵要(yao)(yao)義(yi)，必(bi)(bi)須高度(du)重視我國(guo)(guo)(guo)社(she)(she)會主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)矛盾(dun)的(de)(de)變化(hua)，深(shen)刻認識到當(dang)前(qian)發(fa)(fa)展中(zhong)面(mian)(mian)臨的(de)(de)矛盾(dun)和問題(ti)集中(zhong)體現在(zai)發(fa)(fa)展質(zhi)量上。為了更(geng)(geng)好(hao)滿足人(ren)民日益增長(chang)的(de)(de)美好(hao)生活需要(yao)(yao)，在(zai)明(ming)年(nian)乃(nai)至(zhi)更(geng)(geng)長(chang)時期的(de)(de)經濟社(she)(she)會發(fa)(fa)展中(zhong)，都必(bi)(bi)須更(geng)(geng)加重視推(tui)進(jin)(jin)高質(zhi)量發(fa)(fa)展、更(geng)(geng)加重視推(tui)進(jin)(jin)共同(tong)富(fu)裕(yu)。
黨的(de)(de)(de)十(shi)(shi)八屆(jie)五(wu)(wu)中全(quan)會(hui)在謀劃國(guo)民(min)經(jing)濟和社(she)會(hui)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)“十(shi)(shi)三五(wu)(wu)”規(gui)劃時(shi)(shi)(shi)提出“必(bi)須牢固(gu)樹(shu)立創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)、協(xie)調、綠色、開放(fang)、共享(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)理念(nian)”。黨的(de)(de)(de)十(shi)(shi)九屆(jie)五(wu)(wu)中全(quan)會(hui)《建議(yi)》進(jin)一步強調“把(ba)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)理念(nian)貫(guan)穿(chuan)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)全(quan)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)和各(ge)領域”。在推進(jin)明(ming)年經(jing)濟工作(zuo)以及謀劃“十(shi)(shi)四五(wu)(wu)”時(shi)(shi)(shi)期經(jing)濟社(she)會(hui)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)堅持(chi)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)理念(nian)，需(xu)要高度重視這(zhe)一理念(nian)的(de)(de)(de)系(xi)統(tong)性(xing)(xing)、整(zheng)體性(xing)(xing)和協(xie)同性(xing)(xing)，用辯證(zheng)思維科(ke)學分析(xi)并(bing)統(tong)籌把(ba)握新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)理念(nian)各(ge)組成部(bu)分之(zhi)間的(de)(de)(de)關(guan)系(xi)，促(cu)進(jin)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)、協(xie)調、綠色、開放(fang)、共享(xiang)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)協(xie)同聯動(dong)。比如，就創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)與(yu)共享(xiang)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)關(guan)系(xi)而言，既要推動(dong)“堅持(chi)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)在我國(guo)現代化建設全(quan)局中的(de)(de)(de)核心(xin)地(di)位(wei)”有效落地(di)生根，又要努力規(gui)避創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中財富向少(shao)數(shu)人(ren)加(jia)速集中，甚至“少(shao)數(shu)人(ren)迅速獲(huo)益，多數(shu)人(ren)被(bei)迫買單”的(de)(de)(de)問題；既要鼓勵(li)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)業(ye)(ye)態新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)模(mo)式的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，更要重視促(cu)進(jin)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)業(ye)(ye)態新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)模(mo)式同傳統(tong)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)、業(ye)(ye)態、模(mo)式的(de)(de)(de)融合發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，帶動(dong)傳統(tong)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)轉型(xing)升級，讓廣大人(ren)民(min)更好分享(xiang)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)收(shou)益、規(gui)避創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)風險。
中央經濟工作會議要(yao)(yao)求，“構(gou)(gou)建(jian)(jian)(jian)新(xin)(xin)發(fa)展(zhan)格(ge)(ge)局(ju)(ju)(ju)明(ming)年要(yao)(yao)邁好第(di)一步，見(jian)到新(xin)(xin)氣象”。加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)構(gou)(gou)建(jian)(jian)(jian)新(xin)(xin)發(fa)展(zhan)格(ge)(ge)局(ju)(ju)(ju)，堅持(chi)以國(guo)(guo)(guo)內(nei)(nei)大循(xun)(xun)環(huan)為主(zhu)體(ti)、國(guo)(guo)(guo)內(nei)(nei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)雙(shuang)循(xun)(xun)環(huan)相(xiang)互(hu)促進(jin)，這(zhe)是根據我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)情(qing)和(he)發(fa)展(zhan)階(jie)段、發(fa)展(zhan)環(huan)境(jing)、發(fa)展(zhan)條件(jian)變化提出來的(de)(de)(de)，有(you)利于充(chong)分利用我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)超大規模(mo)市(shi)場優(you)(you)勢(shi)和(he)內(nei)(nei)需潛力，更好應對國(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)環(huan)境(jing)不穩(wen)定性(xing)(xing)不確定性(xing)(xing)明(ming)顯增加(jia)(jia)的(de)(de)(de)挑戰，重塑我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)合(he)作和(he)競(jing)爭新(xin)(xin)優(you)(you)勢(shi)。構(gou)(gou)建(jian)(jian)(jian)新(xin)(xin)發(fa)展(zhan)格(ge)(ge)局(ju)(ju)(ju)，重在(zai)暢通(tong)(tong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)民經濟循(xun)(xun)環(huan)，重在(zai)強(qiang)調(diao)集(ji)中力量辦(ban)好自己的(de)(de)(de)事。為此(ci)，需要(yao)(yao)重點(dian)(dian)解決(jue)(jue)影響(xiang)國(guo)(guo)(guo)民經濟循(xun)(xun)環(huan)的(de)(de)(de)難點(dian)(dian)，打通(tong)(tong)堵(du)點(dian)(dian)，連(lian)接斷點(dian)(dian)，精準識別和(he)管控(kong)風(feng)險源(yuan)風(feng)險點(dian)(dian)，在(zai)此(ci)基(ji)礎(chu)上提升(sheng)產業(ye)(ye)鏈供應鏈現代化水平，增強(qiang)產業(ye)(ye)鏈供應鏈的(de)(de)(de)穩(wen)定性(xing)(xing)和(he)競(jing)爭力。中央經濟工作會議強(qiang)調(diao)，“產業(ye)(ye)鏈供應鏈安全穩(wen)定是構(gou)(gou)建(jian)(jian)(jian)新(xin)(xin)發(fa)展(zhan)格(ge)(ge)局(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎(chu)”。比如(ru)，要(yao)(yao)實施好關鍵核(he)心技(ji)術攻關工程，突(tu)破(po)關鍵技(ji)術、核(he)心技(ji)術瓶頸(jing)，幫助企業(ye)(ye)有(you)效解決(jue)(jue)融(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)難融(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)貴融(rong)(rong)資(zi)(zi)繁和(he)引進(jin)人才難的(de)(de)(de)問題，加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)產業(ye)(ye)生(sheng)態(tai)和(he)創新(xin)(xin)創業(ye)(ye)生(sheng)態(tai)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設等。以國(guo)(guo)(guo)內(nei)(nei)大循(xun)(xun)環(huan)為主(zhu)體(ti)，不是“關起門來搞建(jian)(jian)(jian)設”，而(er)是要(yao)(yao)更好發(fa)揮我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)超大規模(mo)市(shi)場優(you)(you)勢(shi)和(he)內(nei)(nei)需潛力，通(tong)(tong)過培(pei)育國(guo)(guo)(guo)內(nei)(nei)大循(xun)(xun)環(huan)更好地帶動參(can)與(yu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)大循(xun)(xun)環(huan)，通(tong)(tong)過參(can)與(yu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)大循(xun)(xun)環(huan)更好地引領提升(sheng)國(guo)(guo)(guo)內(nei)(nei)大循(xun)(xun)環(huan)，使(shi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)內(nei)(nei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)“兩種(zhong)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)、兩個市(shi)場”更好地聯通(tong)(tong)互(hu)促，推進(jin)改(gai)革和(he)開(kai)放(fang)融(rong)(rong)合(he)提升(sheng)，形成更加(jia)(jia)高(gao)質量、可持(chi)續的(de)(de)(de)良性(xing)(xing)循(xun)(xun)環(huan)。
以推動高質量發展為主題，以深化供給側結構性改革為主線
此(ci)(ci)次中央經濟(ji)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)會(hui)(hui)議(yi)指(zhi)出(chu)，“要(yao)(yao)(yao)用好(hao)寶(bao)貴時間窗口(kou)，集中精力(li)推(tui)進(jin)(jin)改(gai)(gai)革(ge)創新(xin)(xin)，以(yi)高(gao)質量(liang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)為(wei)‘十四五’開(kai)好(hao)局”。我國(guo)仍(reng)處于并(bing)(bing)將長期(qi)處于社會(hui)(hui)主義初級(ji)階段，發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)仍(reng)是解決一切問題(ti)的(de)(de)基礎和關鍵。黨的(de)(de)十九屆五中全會(hui)(hui)《建(jian)議(yi)》將經濟(ji)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)取得(de)(de)新(xin)(xin)成效(xiao)、改(gai)(gai)革(ge)開(kai)放邁出(chu)新(xin)(xin)步伐、社會(hui)(hui)文明程(cheng)度得(de)(de)到新(xin)(xin)提(ti)高(gao)、生(sheng)(sheng)態文明建(jian)設(she)實(shi)現新(xin)(xin)進(jin)(jin)步、民生(sheng)(sheng)福祉達(da)(da)到新(xin)(xin)水(shui)平、國(guo)家(jia)治(zhi)理效(xiao)能得(de)(de)到新(xin)(xin)提(ti)升(sheng)，作(zuo)為(wei)“十四五”時期(qi)經濟(ji)社會(hui)(hui)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)要(yao)(yao)(yao)努(nu)力(li)實(shi)現的(de)(de)主要(yao)(yao)(yao)目(mu)標。在(zai)(zai)此(ci)(ci)背景下，立足(zu)新(xin)(xin)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)階段、堅(jian)持新(xin)(xin)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)理念、構建(jian)新(xin)(xin)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)格局，都要(yao)(yao)(yao)求發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)必須是高(gao)質量(liang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，是在(zai)(zai)明顯提(ti)升(sheng)質量(liang)效(xiao)益的(de)(de)基礎上統(tong)籌推(tui)進(jin)(jin)經濟(ji)、社會(hui)(hui)、文化、生(sheng)(sheng)態各領(ling)域的(de)(de)高(gao)質量(liang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。只有這樣(yang)，才能切實(shi)轉(zhuan)變發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)方式(shi)，統(tong)籌推(tui)動質量(liang)變革(ge)、效(xiao)率變革(ge)和動力(li)變革(ge)，更好(hao)滿足(zu)人民日益增長的(de)(de)美好(hao)生(sheng)(sheng)活需要(yao)(yao)(yao)。比如，在(zai)(zai)推(tui)進(jin)(jin)綠(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)問題(ti)上，要(yao)(yao)(yao)注意引導培(pei)育(yu)推(tui)進(jin)(jin)綠(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)內生(sheng)(sheng)動力(li)，推(tui)進(jin)(jin)綠(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)由外部壓(ya)力(li)下的(de)(de)被迫選擇轉(zhuan)向提(ti)升(sheng)質量(liang)效(xiao)益競爭(zheng)力(li)、提(ti)升(sheng)民生(sheng)(sheng)品質的(de)(de)自覺行(xing)為(wei)，實(shi)現綠(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)由運(yun)動式(shi)推(tui)進(jin)(jin)轉(zhuan)向自主機制性推(tui)進(jin)(jin)。正因(yin)如此(ci)(ci)，中央經濟(ji)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)會(hui)(hui)議(yi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求加大對(dui)科(ke)技創新(xin)(xin)和綠(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)金融支持，并(bing)(bing)對(dui)做好(hao)碳達(da)(da)峰、碳中和工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)，提(ti)升(sheng)生(sheng)(sheng)態系統(tong)碳匯能力(li)等(deng)做出(chu)明確(que)部署。
隨(sui)著(zhu)我國消(xiao)費(fei)水平(ping)的(de)(de)提高和消(xiao)費(fei)結(jie)構(gou)升(sheng)級，消(xiao)費(fei)需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)加速分化(hua)(hua)(hua)，日(ri)益呈現個性(xing)(xing)化(hua)(hua)(hua)、多樣化(hua)(hua)(hua)和優質(zhi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)、服務(wu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)、綠色化(hua)(hua)(hua)趨(qu)勢，由此(ci)導(dao)致深(shen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)供(gong)(gong)給側結(jie)構(gou)性(xing)(xing)改革的(de)(de)重要(yao)性(xing)(xing)和緊迫性(xing)(xing)凸顯。近年來，推(tui)進(jin)(jin)供(gong)(gong)給側結(jie)構(gou)性(xing)(xing)改革雖然取得了積極成效，但就總(zong)體(ti)而(er)言，供(gong)(gong)給結(jie)構(gou)的(de)(de)調整(zheng)升(sheng)級仍(reng)趕不上(shang)需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)結(jie)構(gou)調整(zheng)升(sheng)級的(de)(de)步(bu)伐。此(ci)次(ci)中央經濟(ji)工(gong)作會議進(jin)(jin)一步(bu)強調“要(yao)緊緊扭(niu)住供(gong)(gong)給側結(jie)構(gou)性(xing)(xing)改革這條主(zhu)線”，以此(ci)優化(hua)(hua)(hua)供(gong)(gong)給結(jie)構(gou)和供(gong)(gong)給質(zhi)量，增(zeng)強供(gong)(gong)給體(ti)系(xi)面向需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)、順應需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)特(te)別是創新(xin)供(gong)(gong)給激活和引(yin)導(dao)需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)的(de)(de)能力，提升(sheng)供(gong)(gong)給體(ti)系(xi)對(dui)國內(nei)需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)的(de)(de)適配性(xing)(xing)。為(wei)實現這一目標，需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)要(yao)結(jie)合構(gou)建新(xin)發(fa)展格局(ju)特(te)別是完善擴大內(nei)需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)的(de)(de)政策(ce)支持體(ti)系(xi)，推(tui)動形成需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)牽引(yin)供(gong)(gong)給、供(gong)(gong)給創造需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)的(de)(de)更(geng)高水平(ping)動態平(ping)衡。
堅持穩中求進工作總基調，堅持扎實推進共同富裕，堅持統籌發展和安全
面對世界百年(nian)未有(you)之大(da)變局，我(wo)國發展面臨的(de)不(bu)穩定不(bu)確定性風險明顯(xian)增加。此次(ci)中央(yang)經(jing)濟(ji)工作(zuo)會議強調(diao)，“疫情(qing)變化(hua)和(he)外部環(huan)境存在(zai)諸多(duo)不(bu)確定性，我(wo)國經(jing)濟(ji)恢(hui)復基礎(chu)尚不(bu)牢(lao)固”“疫情(qing)沖擊導致的(de)各類衍生風險不(bu)容忽視(shi)”，并再次(ci)強調(diao)堅持(chi)(chi)穩中求進工作(zuo)總基調(diao)，這是堅持(chi)(chi)底線思(si)維，做好(hao)明年(nian)以(yi)及“十(shi)四五”時(shi)期經(jing)濟(ji)工作(zuo)的(de)基本要求。
實現共(gong)(gong)同(tong)富裕(yu)是社會主義的(de)(de)本(ben)質(zhi)要求(qiu)。經(jing)過(guo)(guo)改革開放40余年(nian)的(de)(de)發(fa)展，到2019年(nian)我(wo)國人均GDP已(yi)(yi)經(jing)超過(guo)(guo)1萬(wan)美元，但仍有(you)(you)超過(guo)(guo)20%和(he)(he)(he)40%的(de)(de)農村居民年(nian)人均可(ke)支(zhi)配(pei)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)入(ru)(ru)(ru)分(fen)(fen)別低(di)于(yu)4300元和(he)(he)(he)9800元，仍有(you)(you)超過(guo)(guo)20%和(he)(he)(he)40%的(de)(de)城鎮居民年(nian)人均可(ke)支(zhi)配(pei)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)入(ru)(ru)(ru)分(fen)(fen)別低(di)于(yu)15600元和(he)(he)(he)26800元。在(zai)此(ci)背(bei)景(jing)下，構建新發(fa)展格(ge)局，堅持(chi)擴(kuo)大(da)(da)內(nei)(nei)需(xu)(xu)這個(ge)戰略基(ji)點(dian)，需(xu)(xu)注意(yi)同(tong)改善(shan)國民收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)入(ru)(ru)(ru)和(he)(he)(he)財富分(fen)(fen)配(pei)格(ge)局更好地結(jie)合(he)起來，切實做好“著(zhu)力提高(gao)低(di)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)入(ru)(ru)(ru)群體收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)入(ru)(ru)(ru)，擴(kuo)大(da)(da)中等收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)入(ru)(ru)(ru)群體”的(de)(de)文章。只有(you)(you)這樣，才能更好地實現好、維護好、發(fa)展好最(zui)廣大(da)(da)人民根(gen)本(ben)利益，也才能更好地全面促進(jin)(jin)(jin)消(xiao)(xiao)費。更加重(zhong)(zhong)視推進(jin)(jin)(jin)共(gong)(gong)同(tong)富裕(yu)，不(bu)僅(jin)(jin)是堅持(chi)以人民為(wei)中心的(de)(de)發(fa)展思想的(de)(de)本(ben)質(zhi)要求(qiu)，對于(yu)實施擴(kuo)大(da)(da)內(nei)(nei)需(xu)(xu)戰略也有(you)(you)重(zhong)(zhong)要意(yi)義。中央經(jing)濟工作會議(yi)強調“擴(kuo)大(da)(da)消(xiao)(xiao)費最(zui)根(gen)本(ben)的(de)(de)是促進(jin)(jin)(jin)就業”“要把(ba)擴(kuo)大(da)(da)消(xiao)(xiao)費同(tong)改善(shan)人民生活品質(zhi)結(jie)合(he)起來”。目前我(wo)國多數(shu)傳統產(chan)業已(yi)(yi)達到或(huo)接近規模峰值，可(ke)供(gong)開拓的(de)(de)潛在(zai)市場(chang)(chang)空間有(you)(you)限(xian)。但如果能切實深(shen)化收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)入(ru)(ru)(ru)分(fen)(fen)配(pei)制度(du)改革，推動不(bu)同(tong)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)入(ru)(ru)(ru)群體之間形成(cheng)層次跟進(jin)(jin)(jin)、接續持(chi)續的(de)(de)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)入(ru)(ru)(ru)增長“雁陣”，將更加有(you)(you)利于(yu)培育我(wo)國超大(da)(da)規模市場(chang)(chang)優勢(shi)和(he)(he)(he)內(nei)(nei)需(xu)(xu)潛力，也更有(you)(you)利于(yu)推進(jin)(jin)(jin)增進(jin)(jin)(jin)民生福祉落(luo)(luo)實落(luo)(luo)地。比(bi)如，若當(dang)前我(wo)國低(di)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)入(ru)(ru)(ru)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)、中間偏(pian)下收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)入(ru)(ru)(ru)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)入(ru)(ru)(ru)水(shui)平分(fen)(fen)別能夠達到中間偏(pian)下收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)入(ru)(ru)(ru)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)、中等收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)入(ru)(ru)(ru)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)入(ru)(ru)(ru)水(shui)平，那么許(xu)多傳統產(chan)業的(de)(de)市場(chang)(chang)仍有(you)(you)較大(da)(da)的(de)(de)擴(kuo)張潛力。因此(ci)，明(ming)年(nian)以及“十四五”時(shi)期要更加重(zhong)(zhong)視促進(jin)(jin)(jin)共(gong)(gong)同(tong)富裕(yu)。當(dang)然，促進(jin)(jin)(jin)共(gong)(gong)同(tong)富裕(yu)不(bu)僅(jin)(jin)是提高(gao)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)入(ru)(ru)(ru)水(shui)平和(he)(he)(he)縮(suo)小收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)入(ru)(ru)(ru)差距的(de)(de)問題，還包括夯實基(ji)礎設(she)施和(he)(he)(he)公共(gong)(gong)服(fu)務供(gong)給保障、實現更加充(chong)分(fen)(fen)更高(gao)質(zhi)量的(de)(de)就業等方(fang)面。
中央經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)工作(zuo)會(hui)議指出，“要抓(zhua)好發展(zhan)和安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)兩件大(da)事(shi)，有效防范(fan)化(hua)解(jie)各類經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)社會(hui)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)，高度(du)重視安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生產和防災減(jian)災工作(zuo)，堅決(jue)防范(fan)重特大(da)事(shi)故發生”。黨(dang)的(de)(de)十九屆(jie)五(wu)中全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)會(hui)強調，“統籌發展(zhan)和安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)，建(jian)設(she)更(geng)高水平的(de)(de)平安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)中國”“把安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)發展(zhan)貫穿國家發展(zhan)各領域和全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)過程，防范(fan)和化(hua)解(jie)影響我國現(xian)(xian)(xian)代化(hua)進程的(de)(de)各種(zhong)(zhong)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)，筑(zhu)牢國家安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)屏障”“確保國家經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)”。面對世界百(bai)年未有之(zhi)大(da)變(bian)局，不僅傳統安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)因(yin)(yin)素出現(xian)(xian)(xian)重大(da)變(bian)化(hua)，而且非傳統安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)因(yin)(yin)素的(de)(de)影響也在(zai)迅速(su)凸顯(xian)(xian)，如經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、金融安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、恐怖(bu)主義、網(wang)絡(luo)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、生物(wu)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)等。大(da)國之(zhi)間、區(qu)域之(zhi)間的(de)(de)競合關系顯(xian)(xian)著復(fu)雜(za)化(hua)，新(xin)科(ke)技(ji)革(ge)命和產業變(bian)革(ge)正在(zai)帶來(lai)新(xin)的(de)(de)不穩定性(xing)不確定性(xing)，并(bing)加劇全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)球安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)。因(yin)(yin)此(ci)，“十四五(wu)”乃至更(geng)長時期，很可能(neng)是我國各種(zhong)(zhong)矛盾、風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)多(duo)發易發期，容易給我國全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)面建(jian)設(she)社會(hui)主義現(xian)(xian)(xian)代化(hua)國家帶來(lai)更(geng)多(duo)新(xin)的(de)(de)挑(tiao)戰。在(zai)此(ci)背景下，只有統籌發展(zhan)和安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)，從(cong)最(zui)壞(huai)處著眼(yan)、做最(zui)充(chong)分準備，才能(neng)爭取最(zui)好的(de)(de)結果。通(tong)過“準確識(shi)變(bian)、科(ke)學應(ying)變(bian)、主動求變(bian)”“提高風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)預(yu)見(jian)預(yu)判(pan)能(neng)力”，更(geng)好地防范(fan)應(ying)對我國現(xian)(xian)(xian)代化(hua)進程面臨(lin)的(de)(de)各種(zhong)(zhong)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)和挑(tiao)戰，減(jian)少各種(zhong)(zhong)灰犀牛(niu)、黑(hei)天鵝事(shi)件可能(neng)帶來(lai)的(de)(de)損(sun)害，更(geng)好地實現(xian)(xian)(xian)經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)行(xing)穩致遠、社會(hui)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)定和諧(xie)。（姜長云）
【責任編輯：語謙】