文(wen)章來源：人(ren)民(min)日報(bao) 發(fa)布時間：2020-04-01
內(nei)(nei)容(rong)提(ti)要：近年來，新(xin)型工業(ye)(ye)(ye)化出現(xian)了新(xin)趨勢：產業(ye)(ye)(ye)范(fan)式出現(xian)新(xin)變化，更加強(qiang)調依靠創(chuang)新(xin)和技術進(jin)步推(tui)動產業(ye)(ye)(ye)水平(ping)提(ti)升和價值鏈升級；產業(ye)(ye)(ye)組(zu)織形態呈現(xian)新(xin)特點，平(ping)臺經濟成為(wei)新(xin)的(de)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)組(zu)織形態，在一定程度上改變了企業(ye)(ye)(ye)內(nei)(nei)部的(de)組(zu)織結構和企業(ye)(ye)(ye)之間的(de)分工合作關系；綠色發展成為(wei)新(xin)型工業(ye)(ye)(ye)化的(de)重(zhong)要內(nei)(nei)容(rong)和新(xin)的(de)戰略(lve)任務，并將(jiang)帶(dai)來新(xin)一輪綠色革命。
推(tui)動新(xin)(xin)型(xing)(xing)工業(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)、信息化(hua)(hua)、城鎮化(hua)(hua)、農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)現代化(hua)(hua)同步發(fa)展，加(jia)快建設現代化(hua)(hua)經濟(ji)體(ti)系，是(shi)新(xin)(xin)時代我國經濟(ji)實現更高質量、更有效率、更加(jia)公平、更可持(chi)續發(fa)展的重(zhong)要(yao)任(ren)務。我們要(yao)站在新(xin)(xin)工業(ye)(ye)(ye)革命的歷(li)史坐標(biao)系上推(tui)進新(xin)(xin)型(xing)(xing)工業(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)，把(ba)握好產業(ye)(ye)(ye)范式轉變、產業(ye)(ye)(ye)組織形態變化(hua)(hua)和綠色發(fa)展三個(ge)新(xin)(xin)趨勢。
產業范式向創新發展轉變
產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)范(fan)式轉(zhuan)變(bian)(bian)反映出(chu)技術變(bian)(bian)革驅(qu)動(dong)下產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)及企業(ye)(ye)發展(zhan)規律(lv)的(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)。新型(xing)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)范(fan)式與傳統(tong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)相比發生(sheng)了根(gen)本性(xing)變(bian)(bian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)。改(gai)革開放的(de)(de)40年是(shi)我國工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)快速(su)推(tui)進的(de)(de)40年，也是(shi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)范(fan)式發生(sheng)巨大轉(zhuan)變(bian)(bian)的(de)(de)40年。如果說(shuo)傳統(tong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)強(qiang)(qiang)調依托資源和(he)(he)(he)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)要(yao)素(su)稟(bing)賦，在充分發揮低(di)(di)成(cheng)本勞動(dong)力和(he)(he)(he)其(qi)他生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)要(yao)素(su)價(jia)格優(you)勢(shi)的(de)(de)基(ji)礎上，利(li)用(yong)全球產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)分工(gong)(gong)(gong)逐(zhu)漸(jian)從價(jia)值(zhi)(zhi)鏈(lian)(lian)低(di)(di)端(duan)向中(zhong)高(gao)端(duan)升級的(de)(de)話，那(nei)么，新型(xing)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)則更(geng)加強(qiang)(qiang)調依靠創新和(he)(he)(he)技術進步(bu)推(tui)動(dong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)提升和(he)(he)(he)價(jia)值(zhi)(zhi)鏈(lian)(lian)升級。其(qi)中(zhong)，既包括從勞動(dong)密集(ji)型(xing)、低(di)(di)附(fu)(fu)加值(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)簡(jian)單加工(gong)(gong)(gong)制造環(huan)節向設(she)計、研發、供應鏈(lian)(lian)管理、營銷(xiao)、服務(wu)等高(gao)附(fu)(fu)加值(zhi)(zhi)環(huan)節延伸的(de)(de)價(jia)值(zhi)(zhi)鏈(lian)(lian)垂(chui)直升級方式，也包括通過先進技術應用(yong)、價(jia)值(zhi)(zhi)鏈(lian)(lian)各(ge)增(zeng)值(zhi)(zhi)環(huan)節重構(gou)、生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)系統(tong)重組來提高(gao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)整體(ti)效率和(he)(he)(he)競爭(zheng)力的(de)(de)價(jia)值(zhi)(zhi)鏈(lian)(lian)平行躍升方式。
目前正(zheng)在(zai)興起的(de)(de)這場(chang)新(xin)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)革命，以(yi)新(xin)一代信息技(ji)術為(wei)(wei)核心，以(yi)新(xin)能(neng)源、新(xin)材(cai)料(liao)、生物技(ji)術等為(wei)(wei)代表的(de)(de)新(xin)興技(ji)術群(qun)體性突(tu)破和協(xie)同應用為(wei)(wei)主體，以(yi)人、機器和資(zi)源間的(de)(de)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)互聯(lian)以(yi)及制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)(ye)(ye)數字化(hua)(hua)(hua)、網絡(luo)化(hua)(hua)(hua)、智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)化(hua)(hua)(hua)為(wei)(wei)特(te)征(zheng)，為(wei)(wei)我們充分利用現代科學技(ji)術實現產業(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈提升、價值鏈升級提供了(le)重大機遇。互聯(lian)網、大數據(ju)、人工(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)與制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)融(rong)合越來越廣泛深入(ru)，智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)、智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)服(fu)務正(zheng)在(zai)成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)全(quan)球傳統工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)和制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)(ye)(ye)轉(zhuan)型升級的(de)(de)主要(yao)方(fang)向。從過去幾年的(de)(de)實踐看，無(wu)論是(shi)離散制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)還是(shi)流程制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)，行業(ye)(ye)(ye)領(ling)先(xian)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)在(zai)推(tui)進智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)和智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)服(fu)務方(fang)面已經取(qu)得(de)明顯進步(bu)，生產的(de)(de)數字化(hua)(hua)(hua)、網絡(luo)化(hua)(hua)(hua)和智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)化(hua)(hua)(hua)在(zai)一定程度上減輕了(le)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)招工(gong)難和勞(lao)動力成(cheng)本快速(su)上升導致的(de)(de)壓力，并大幅提高了(le)生產效率和競(jing)爭力。
新(xin)一代信(xin)息技術快速(su)發(fa)展(zhan)及(ji)廣(guang)泛深(shen)入應(ying)用，對(dui)傳統(tong)工(gong)業化(hua)模式(shi)提(ti)出了(le)巨大挑(tiao)戰(zhan)(zhan)。智能(neng)制(zhi)造(zao)和(he)個性化(hua)定(ding)制(zhi)將(jiang)使許多行業規(gui)模經濟優(you)勢變(bian)得(de)不明顯(xian)，發(fa)達(da)國(guo)家(jia)原(yuan)本(ben)在(zai)研發(fa)和(he)設計等方面(mian)的(de)競爭(zheng)力(li)將(jiang)得(de)到強化(hua)，一個國(guo)家(jia)越來越難(nan)以主要(yao)依靠自然資(zi)源和(he)勞動(dong)(dong)力(li)資(zi)源優(you)勢實(shi)現(xian)工(gong)業化(hua)并最終實(shi)現(xian)現(xian)代化(hua)。加之本(ben)地化(hua)、分散化(hua)生(sheng)產(chan)方式(shi)可能(neng)得(de)到迅速(su)發(fa)展(zhan)，對(dui)包括中國(guo)在(zai)內的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)中國(guo)家(jia)和(he)追趕型經濟體提(ti)出了(le)新(xin)挑(tiao)戰(zhan)(zhan)。如何抓住機遇、應(ying)對(dui)挑(tiao)戰(zhan)(zhan)，是推(tui)進(jin)新(xin)型工(gong)業化(hua)必須面(mian)對(dui)的(de)時代課題。從(cong)這個意(yi)義上講(jiang)，我們(men)必須深(shen)入實(shi)施創新(xin)驅動(dong)(dong)發(fa)展(zhan)戰(zhan)(zhan)略，加快推(tui)動(dong)(dong)產(chan)業范式(shi)轉變(bian)，實(shi)現(xian)經濟發(fa)展(zhan)質量(liang)變(bian)革、效率變(bian)革、動(dong)(dong)力(li)變(bian)革。
平臺經濟成為新的產業組織形態
近年(nian)來，全(quan)球互(hu)(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)領域(yu)一(yi)直呈快速發展態勢(shi)，云計算、大(da)(da)數(shu)據、區塊鏈(lian)、人工(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)等(deng)(deng)技(ji)術逐步成熟(shu)并(bing)走向(xiang)應(ying)用(yong)，正在(zai)與(yu)(yu)制(zhi)造業(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)實(shi)體經濟(ji)(ji)實(shi)現(xian)(xian)融合(he)(he)。一(yi)些(xie)國(guo)(guo)家或(huo)企業(ye)(ye)提(ti)出數(shu)字經濟(ji)(ji)與(yu)(yu)制(zhi)造業(ye)(ye)深度融合(he)(he)的(de)(de)新概念(nian)，如德國(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)“工(gong)業(ye)(ye)4.0”、美國(guo)(guo)通(tong)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)公司等(deng)(deng)提(ti)出的(de)(de)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)。德國(guo)(guo)“工(gong)業(ye)(ye)4.0”以智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)裝備、智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)生產(chan)(chan)和(he)(he)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)工(gong)廠為核(he)心，希望解決其(qi)制(zhi)造業(ye)(ye)信(xin)息化(hua)、數(shu)字化(hua)程度不高的(de)(de)問題，并(bing)由(you)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)制(zhi)造延伸至智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)服務。美國(guo)(guo)通(tong)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)公司等(deng)(deng)提(ti)出的(de)(de)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)則傾向(xiang)于憑借(jie)其(qi)強(qiang)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)互(hu)(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)和(he)(he)大(da)(da)數(shu)據技(ji)術優勢(shi)，實(shi)現(xian)(xian)大(da)(da)數(shu)據分析和(he)(he)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)決策(ce)，提(ti)高現(xian)(xian)有(you)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)效率并(bing)帶動新產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)發展。無論(lun)哪一(yi)種概念(nian)或(huo)模式，背后都(dou)是(shi)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)組織(zhi)(zhi)形態向(xiang)平臺(tai)(tai)化(hua)方向(xiang)轉型。也(ye)就(jiu)是(shi)說，平臺(tai)(tai)經濟(ji)(ji)已成為新的(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)組織(zhi)(zhi)形態，無論(lun)生產(chan)(chan)領域(yu)還是(shi)消費領域(yu)都(dou)在(zai)進入平臺(tai)(tai)革命時代。這構成了(le)推進新型工(gong)業(ye)(ye)化(hua)的(de)(de)時代特征(zheng)。在(zai)此背景下(xia)，一(yi)批國(guo)(guo)內外(wai)互(hu)(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)科技(ji)企業(ye)(ye)如谷歌、臉譜、阿里巴巴、百度、騰訊、京東等(deng)(deng)，已快速成長為平臺(tai)(tai)型企業(ye)(ye)；一(yi)些(xie)國(guo)(guo)外(wai)制(zhi)造企業(ye)(ye)如ABB、博世、IBM、通(tong)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)、羅(luo)(luo)羅(luo)(luo)等(deng)(deng)通(tong)過整合(he)(he)搭(da)建(jian)制(zhi)造與(yu)(yu)服務生態系統，演變成為平臺(tai)(tai)商。
與傳統工(gong)業(ye)化(hua)模(mo)(mo)式(shi)相比，平(ping)臺經濟(ji)更加(jia)強調(diao)制造與服務(wu)的(de)融合，服務(wu)型制造成為新(xin)趨(qu)勢。一方(fang)面(mian)，傳統制造業(ye)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)內部(bu)的(de)產(chan)(chan)品設計、技術(shu)研發(fa)、質量管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)、測試認證(zheng)、供(gong)應鏈(lian)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)、市(shi)場(chang)營(ying)銷、物(wu)流服務(wu)等環(huan)節(jie)不(bu)斷(duan)分離出(chu)去，通過專業(ye)化(hua)水平(ping)提升為制造業(ye)部(bu)門(men)提供(gong)更加(jia)精準高效的(de)支撐。另一方(fang)面(mian)，制造業(ye)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)通過創新(xin)優化(hua)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)組(zu)織(zhi)形(xing)式(shi)、運營(ying)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)方(fang)式(shi)，不(bu)斷(duan)增加(jia)服務(wu)要(yao)素在(zai)投(tou)入(ru)和(he)產(chan)(chan)出(chu)中(zhong)的(de)比重，尤其是(shi)發(fa)展設計服務(wu)、網(wang)絡化(hua)協同(tong)制造服務(wu)、信(xin)息(xi)增值(zhi)服務(wu)，不(bu)斷(duan)延伸和(he)提升價值(zhi)鏈(lian)。平(ping)臺經濟(ji)還在(zai)一定程(cheng)度上(shang)改(gai)變(bian)了企(qi)(qi)業(ye)內部(bu)的(de)組(zu)織(zhi)結構和(he)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)之間(jian)的(de)分工(gong)合作關系。互(hu)聯網(wang)在(zai)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)和(he)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)組(zu)織(zhi)領域(yu)的(de)廣泛滲透應用，減少了管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)層次、壓縮了職能部(bu)門(men)，基于互(hu)聯網(wang)的(de)異地協同(tong)制造成為新(xin)模(mo)(mo)式(shi)。由此(ci)可見，新(xin)型工(gong)業(ye)化(hua)既是(shi)技術(shu)進(jin)步驅(qu)動下(xia)的(de)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)力變(bian)革(ge)，也是(shi)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)創新(xin)驅(qu)動下(xia)的(de)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)關系變(bian)革(ge)。
我國(guo)提出推動(dong)制造(zao)業(ye)(ye)高質量發展，目的(de)就是抓住新工業(ye)(ye)革(ge)命的(de)機遇，全面促進(jin)工業(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)與(yu)信(xin)息化(hua)(hua)的(de)融(rong)合(he)互(hu)動(dong)、技(ji)術創(chuang)(chuang)新與(yu)商業(ye)(ye)模式創(chuang)(chuang)新的(de)融(rong)合(he)互(hu)動(dong)、制造(zao)業(ye)(ye)與(yu)現代服務(wu)業(ye)(ye)的(de)融(rong)合(he)互(hu)動(dong)，在推進(jin)新型(xing)工業(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)的(de)過程(cheng)中(zhong)努力實(shi)現中(zhong)國(guo)制造(zao)向(xiang)中(zhong)國(guo)創(chuang)(chuang)造(zao)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)變、中(zhong)國(guo)速(su)度向(xiang)中(zhong)國(guo)質量轉(zhuan)(zhuan)變、中(zhong)國(guo)產品(pin)向(xiang)中(zhong)國(guo)品(pin)牌轉(zhuan)(zhuan)變，最終完成(cheng)中(zhong)國(guo)制造(zao)業(ye)(ye)由大變強的(de)戰略任務(wu)。
綠色發展成為新的戰略任務
新型(xing)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)不僅(jin)僅(jin)是(shi)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)、制(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)(ye)部門內部的(de)事(shi)情，而是(shi)涉及生產(chan)要(yao)素、資(zi)源(yuan)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)與(yu)生產(chan)方式的(de)系統(tong)性(xing)、整體性(xing)變(bian)(bian)革(ge)(ge)。從世界工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)歷史看，工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)革(ge)(ge)命(ming)使(shi)經(jing)濟規模前所未有(you)地擴大(da)，產(chan)業(ye)(ye)結構(gou)發(fa)生深刻變(bian)(bian)革(ge)(ge)，物質生活水(shui)平大(da)幅提高(gao)。這無(wu)疑是(shi)巨大(da)的(de)成就(jiu)。但是(shi)，歷史上(shang)的(de)每次工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)革(ge)(ge)命(ming)都沒有(you)解(jie)決(jue)好綠色發(fa)展問(wen)題(ti)，“先污染，后治理”幾乎成為工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)國家的(de)宿命(ming)。即使(shi)在當代，許多后發(fa)國家在這個問(wen)題(ti)上(shang)仍然(ran)重復著工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)國家曾經(jing)犯過的(de)錯誤。如(ru)果考慮代際影響，傳統(tong)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)驅動的(de)高(gao)速增(zeng)長(chang)實際上(shang)是(shi)以犧牲子孫后代的(de)生存環(huan)境(jing)(jing)為代價的(de)。今天，我們(men)絕不能重走“先污染，后治理”的(de)老路，必須將(jiang)綠色發(fa)展作(zuo)為新型(xing)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)核心內容之一。新型(xing)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)不能只有(you)技(ji)術進步(bu)和經(jing)濟增(zeng)長(chang)，還(huan)要(yao)有(you)資(zi)源(yuan)節約和環(huan)境(jing)(jing)友好。從這個意義上(shang)講，新型(xing)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)將(jiang)帶來新一輪綠色革(ge)(ge)命(ming)。
黨的(de)(de)十(shi)八大(da)以來(lai)，創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)、協調、綠(lv)(lv)色(se)、開放、共享(xiang)的(de)(de)新(xin)(xin)(xin)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)理(li)(li)念(nian)在(zai)(zai)全(quan)黨和(he)全(quan)國人(ren)民中(zhong)牢固樹立(li)起來(lai)。習近(jin)平同志(zhi)強調，“保護(hu)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)就是(shi)保護(hu)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)力，改(gai)善生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)就是(shi)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)力”，深刻揭示了從工(gong)(gong)業(ye)文(wen)明到生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)文(wen)明躍升(sheng)的(de)(de)基本規律，為新(xin)(xin)(xin)時代(dai)推進新(xin)(xin)(xin)型工(gong)(gong)業(ye)化(hua)提供了思(si)想指導和(he)行(xing)動指南。按照(zhao)綠(lv)(lv)色(se)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)理(li)(li)念(nian)推進新(xin)(xin)(xin)型工(gong)(gong)業(ye)化(hua)，需要做好以下(xia)工(gong)(gong)作。一(yi)是(shi)對(dui)原有(you)(you)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)經濟系統(tong)進行(xing)綠(lv)(lv)色(se)化(hua)或生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)化(hua)改(gai)造(zao)，包括(kuo)開發(fa)(fa)新(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)工(gong)(gong)藝、降低或替代(dai)有(you)(you)毒有(you)(you)害物質(zhi)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)、高(gao)效(xiao)和(he)循(xun)環(huan)(huan)(huan)利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)原材料、減少能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)消耗、降低污染物排(pai)放及(ji)凈化(hua)治理(li)(li)等。這些都能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)減輕對(dui)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)壓力，并提高(gao)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)效(xiao)率(lv)，是(shi)傳統(tong)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)部(bu)門(men)必須完成的(de)(de)轉型任(ren)務。二是(shi)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)節約型、生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)友好型的(de)(de)綠(lv)(lv)色(se)制造(zao)業(ye)或綠(lv)(lv)色(se)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)，既包括(kuo)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠(gou)有(you)(you)效(xiao)利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)、保護(hu)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)新(xin)(xin)(xin)興產(chan)(chan)業(ye)，也(ye)包括(kuo)充分運(yun)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)自然規律和(he)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)循(xun)環(huan)(huan)(huan)利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)原理(li)(li)的(de)(de)傳統(tong)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)。三是(shi)大(da)力發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)太陽能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、水能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、風能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、生(sheng)(sheng)物質(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)等可(ke)再生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)，加快調整能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)結構，積(ji)極(ji)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)互聯網，實現(xian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)清潔、安全(quan)和(he)高(gao)效(xiao)利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。綠(lv)(lv)色(se)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)存在(zai)(zai)一(yi)定(ding)程度的(de)(de)“正外部(bu)性”。實現(xian)綠(lv)(lv)色(se)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)化(hua)，既要加強政(zheng)府監管，實行(xing)最嚴(yan)格的(de)(de)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)保護(hu)制度，提升(sheng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)治理(li)(li)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力；又要弘揚企(qi)業(ye)家精神，激發(fa)(fa)企(qi)業(ye)積(ji)極(ji)性，讓(rang)企(qi)業(ye)在(zai)(zai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)治理(li)(li)中(zhong)發(fa)(fa)揮(hui)主體作用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。新(xin)(xin)(xin)時代(dai)的(de)(de)企(qi)業(ye)家不(bu)應(ying)僅(jin)僅(jin)是(shi)技(ji)術和(he)商業(ye)模式(shi)的(de)(de)創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)者，也(ye)應(ying)是(shi)綠(lv)(lv)色(se)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)化(hua)和(he)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)文(wen)明的(de)(de)引領者。（趙昌文(wen)）
【責任編輯：語謙】