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國(guo)家電網公司認真(zhen)貫徹(che)落(luo)實黨(dang)中央、國(guo)務院決策部(bu)署，服(fu)務大(da)局(ju)，在(zai)國(guo)家重(zhong)大(da)戰略布局(ju)中承(cheng)擔重(zhong)任，全面(mian)推進(jin)改革(ge)向縱(zong)深發展(zhan)；圍(wei)繞改善人民(min)(min)(min)生(sheng)活(huo)(huo)，大(da)力推進(jin)農(nong)電體制改革(ge)、實施農(nong)網改造升(sheng)級、帶(dai)動貧困(kun)人口和邊(bian)疆(jiang)地區(qu)脫貧致富(fu)奔小(xiao)康，讓發展(zhan)成(cheng)果(guo)惠及人民(min)(min)(min)，點亮(liang)了人民(min)(min)(min)的生(sheng)活(huo)(huo)，也(ye)支撐起人民(min)(min)(min)對美好生(sheng)活(huo)(huo)的向往。

農電體制改革  讓縣域經濟“活起來”

長(chang)期以來(lai)，我(wo)國農(nong)(nong)村(cun)供電(dian)(dian)企(qi)業管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)體制(zhi)(zhi)存(cun)在(zai)“直供直管(guan)(guan)”“代管(guan)(guan)”“自(zi)供自(zi)管(guan)(guan)”“股份(fen)制(zhi)(zhi)”等多種(zhong)類型(xing)。這一農(nong)(nong)電(dian)(dian)體制(zhi)(zhi)導致城鄉電(dian)(dian)網(wang)之間難以真正(zheng)實(shi)現(xian)統(tong)籌規劃和建設，縣供電(dian)(dian)企(qi)業自(zi)我(wo)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)能力弱(ruo)，農(nong)(nong)村(cun)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)投資(zi)欠賬多、管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)基礎薄弱(ruo)，農(nong)(nong)村(cun)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)發展不平衡的矛盾日益突出，制(zhi)(zhi)約(yue)了(le)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)經濟社會(hui)發展，農(nong)(nong)電(dian)(dian)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)體制(zhi)(zhi)改(gai)革勢在(zai)必行。對此，國務院于(yu)2016年印發了(le)《關(guan)(guan)于(yu)轉發國家發改(gai)委關(guan)(guan)于(yu)“十三五”期間實(shi)施新一輪農(nong)(nong)村(cun)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)改(gai)造升級工程意見(jian)的通知(zhi)》，要(yao)求到2020年末(mo)全部取消“代管(guan)(guan)體制(zhi)(zhi)”。

根據國務(wu)院文件要求，國家電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)組織實(shi)施了(le)(le)部(bu)分代管、股(gu)(gu)份(fen)制(zhi)縣(xian)(xian)公(gong)司(si)上(shang)劃工(gong)作(zuo)。代管企業上(shang)劃后，縣(xian)(xian)域農(nong)村(cun)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)納入(ru)了(le)(le)全國電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)‘大(da)盤子’，從根本上(shang)破除了(le)(le)制(zhi)約農(nong)村(cun)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)發展(zhan)的體制(zhi)障礙，‘大(da)、小電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)’真(zhen)正(zheng)實(shi)現(xian)(xian)了(le)(le)統一(yi)(yi)規劃、統一(yi)(yi)建(jian)設(she)、統一(yi)(yi)運營、統一(yi)(yi)管理(li)。2010年以來，國家電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)累計(ji)完成569個代管縣(xian)(xian)公(gong)司(si)、320個股(gu)(gu)份(fen)制(zhi)縣(xian)(xian)公(gong)司(si)及14個地(di)方(fang)自供(gong)自管縣(xian)(xian)公(gong)司(si)，合計(ji)903個縣(xian)(xian)公(gong)司(si)地(di)方(fang)國有(you)產權劃轉工(gong)作(zuo)。目前，國家電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)區(qu)域內絕大(da)部(bu)分省區(qu)均實(shi)現(xian)(xian)了(le)(le)縣(xian)(xian)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)企業直供(gong)直管，實(shi)現(xian)(xian)了(le)(le)與公(gong)司(si)管理(li)的全面接(jie)軌(gui)，提(ti)升了(le)(le)管理(li)水平和(he)優質服(fu)務(wu)能(neng)力，促進了(le)(le)農(nong)村(cun)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)和(he)農(nong)村(cun)經濟發展(zhan)。

在河南，電(dian)網(wang)(wang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)資產(chan)紐帶(dai)關(guan)系得到(dao)理順，投資渠道得以暢通(tong)，一大批破瓶頸、惠民(min)生的(de)農(nong)村(cun)(cun)電(dian)網(wang)(wang)工(gong)程相繼開工(gong)建設，為農(nong)村(cun)(cun)發展提供了有力(li)(li)的(de)電(dian)力(li)(li)支撐。在四川，改革暢通(tong)了基層電(dian)網(wang)(wang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)服務群(qun)眾(zhong)的(de)“最后一公里”。每(mei)年春節期(qi)間(jian)，農(nong)村(cun)(cun)外出務工(gong)人(ren)員集中(zhong)返鄉，用(yong)電(dian)負(fu)荷急劇增加，容(rong)易出現電(dian)壓不穩、斷電(dian)等(deng)情況，供電(dian)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)通(tong)過提前掌握(wo)外出務工(gong)人(ren)員返鄉時間(jian)，安排移動(dong)發電(dian)機和變壓器，確保(bao)(bao)了群(qun)眾(zhong)春節期(qi)間(jian)用(yong)電(dian)需求。在浙江、江蘇抗擊臺風應急搶(qiang)險(xian)中(zhong)，在湖北、湖南雨雪(xue)冰凍災害(hai)中(zhong)，在四川、甘肅地震救災中(zhong)，縣(xian)供電(dian)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)借(jie)助公司(si)集團化作戰的(de)優(you)勢，以最快的(de)速(su)度圓滿完(wan)成(cheng)了搶(qiang)險(xian)保(bao)(bao)電(dian)任務，讓群(qun)眾(zhong)第一時間(jian)用(yong)上可靠的(de)電(dian)能(neng)。

實踐證明(ming)，消除縣(xian)供(gong)電(dian)企(qi)業代管(guan)的(de)體制性(xing)障礙(ai)，推(tui)進了(le)城(cheng)鄉一體化統籌發(fa)展，實現(xian)了(le)在更大范圍內的(de)資源優(you)化配置，有(you)力促進了(le)農村電(dian)網(wang)和縣(xian)供(gong)電(dian)企(qi)業的(de)發(fa)展，農村供(gong)電(dian)服務水(shui)平得(de)到了(le)有(you)效(xiao)提升，為縣(xian)域(yu)經濟發(fa)展提供(gong)了(le)堅強電(dian)力保障。

農網改造升級  讓農村電網強起來

農網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)35～110千伏(fu)變電(dian)(dian)容量超過8億千伏(fu)安，農村戶(hu)均(jun)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)能力從2010年(nian)的0.99千伏(fu)安提(ti)高到(dao)1.72千伏(fu)安，提(ti)升74%。西部地區(qu)49個縣(xian)(xian)域電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)“孤(gu)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)運行”問題(ti)得(de)到(dao)解決，西藏自治區(qu)58個縣(xian)(xian)域電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)實現與(yu)主網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)，解決中(zhong)西部地區(qu)124個縣(xian)(xian)域電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)與(yu)主網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)聯(lian)系薄(bo)弱問題(ti)，累計解決農村“低電(dian)(dian)壓”3071萬戶(hu)，全面(mian)實現了經營區(qu)“戶(hu)戶(hu)通電(dian)(dian)”。這(zhe)是(shi)國(guo)家電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)在“十二(er)五”期間農網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)改造升級中(zhong)交出的答卷。

進入“十(shi)三五”，農村(cun)生活水平不斷提(ti)(ti)高，對(dui)農村(cun)電(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)提(ti)(ti)出了更高的要求。2016年(nian)，政府工(gong)作報告中(zhong)提(ti)(ti)出“抓(zhua)緊(jin)新(xin)(xin)(xin)一(yi)(yi)輪農網(wang)(wang)(wang)改造(zao)(zao)升(sheng)級(ji)(ji)，兩(liang)年(nian)內實現農村(cun)穩定可(ke)靠供電(dian)服務和平原地(di)區機井通(tong)(tong)電(dian)全覆蓋”。同(tong)年(nian)4月，國(guo)家(jia)電(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)召開實施新(xin)(xin)(xin)一(yi)(yi)輪農網(wang)(wang)(wang)改造(zao)(zao)升(sheng)級(ji)(ji)工(gong)程暨第一(yi)(yi)批(pi)項目開工(gong)動員電(dian)視電(dian)話(hua)會議(yi)，啟動實施新(xin)(xin)(xin)一(yi)(yi)輪農村(cun)電(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)改造(zao)(zao)升(sheng)級(ji)(ji)“兩(liang)年(nian)攻堅戰(zhan)”。2017年(nian)9月25日(ri)，國(guo)家(jia)電(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)提(ti)(ti)前三個(ge)(ge)月完(wan)成(cheng)“兩(liang)年(nian)攻堅戰(zhan)”，累(lei)計投資1423.6億元，完(wan)成(cheng)153.5萬眼(yan)農田(tian)機井新(xin)(xin)(xin)通(tong)(tong)電(dian)及改造(zao)(zao)、6.6萬個(ge)(ge)小城鎮(zhen)（中(zhong)心村(cun)）電(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)改造(zao)(zao)升(sheng)級(ji)(ji)、7.8萬個(ge)(ge)自(zi)然村(cun)新(xin)(xin)(xin)通(tong)(tong)動力電(dian)及改造(zao)(zao)。

在河北省黃驊市舊(jiu)城(cheng)鎮小堤柳莊(zhuang)，四處盡是慕(mu)名而來(lai)的(de)游客。小堤柳莊(zhuang)的(de)發展獲益于黃驊市19個(ge)村農網改造(zao)升級工程，“現(xian)在電足(zu)了，俺家餐館里有了空調(diao)包(bao)間。今后，我還(huan)打算擴建(jian)，為客人提供餐飲、住宿、導(dao)游一(yi)條龍服(fu)務(wu)。”談到農網改造(zao)升級給自(zi)家餐館帶來(lai)的(de)變(bian)化，村民張(zhang)波難掩心中的(de)喜悅。

在(zai)我國(guo)人(ren)口最少的行政鄉(xiang)——9戶32人(ren)的西藏玉麥鄉(xiang)實現了大電(dian)(dian)網供(gong)電(dian)(dian)。這背(bei)后，是國(guo)家電(dian)(dian)網投入(ru)635萬元架設(she)的一(yi)條(tiao)15公里10千伏線路(lu)。從(cong)那以后，小水(shui)電(dian)(dian)、煤油(you)燈都(dou)成(cheng)了歷史，玉麥鄉(xiang)的鄉(xiang)親們也和(he)城(cheng)里人(ren)一(yi)樣，看(kan)上(shang)了電(dian)(dian)視，用上(shang)了現代化電(dian)(dian)器。

國家(jia)(jia)電(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)公司除了推進農網(wang)(wang)(wang)改造升級，還積極落實國務院指示精神，力(li)(li)爭用三年時(shi)間，統一城(cheng)(cheng)鄉用電(dian)價(jia)格，實現同(tong)(tong)網(wang)(wang)(wang)同(tong)(tong)價(jia)。目前，全國省級電(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)直供區(qu)(qu)基本實現城(cheng)(cheng)鄉用網(wang)(wang)(wang)同(tong)(tong)價(jia)，農村(cun)各類用電(dian)價(jia)格降低(di)至平均每千瓦時(shi)0.685元(yuan)。此(ci)外，國家(jia)(jia)電(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)還對全網(wang)(wang)(wang)范圍低(di)保(bao)戶(hu)或(huo)“五保(bao)戶(hu)”實行(xing)免(mian)(mian)費(fei)(fei)用電(dian)政策。截至2017年年底，公司對供區(qu)(qu)內(nei)3104萬低(di)保(bao)戶(hu)或(huo)“五保(bao)戶(hu)”實行(xing)每月10～15千瓦時(shi)的免(mian)(mian)費(fei)(fei)用電(dian)政策，年合計(ji)減(jian)免(mian)(mian)電(dian)費(fei)(fei)16.4億元(yuan)。城(cheng)(cheng)鄉用電(dian)同(tong)(tong)網(wang)(wang)(wang)同(tong)(tong)價(jia)減(jian)輕(qing)了農民負擔，縮小了城(cheng)(cheng)鄉差別，更好(hao)地實現了電(dian)力(li)(li)為農業、農民、農村(cun)經濟服務，拓寬了農村(cun)居民的致富路。

改(gai)(gai)(gai)造所(suo)及之處，農(nong)(nong)網供(gong)電(dian)(dian)能(neng)力、服務水平(ping)明顯提升(sheng)，農(nong)(nong)業生產(chan)條(tiao)件顯著改(gai)(gai)(gai)善，農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)電(dian)(dian)氣 化水平(ping)進一步提升(sheng)。公(gong)司規劃，到2020年，農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)地區基本實現穩定可靠的供(gong)電(dian)(dian)服務全(quan)覆蓋，打造安全(quan)可靠、經濟(ji)合理(li)、堅固(gu)耐用的現代化農(nong)(nong)網。供(gong)電(dian)(dian)可靠率(lv)、綜合電(dian)(dian)壓合格率(lv)分(fen)別為99.88%、99.45%，農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)戶均配(pei)變容量達到2.2千伏安。不僅為農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)輸送電(dian)(dian)，更輸入有(you)保障的電(dian)(dian)，輸入可期(qi)待(dai)的生活改(gai)(gai)(gai)善。

【責任編輯：王莉】