文(wen)章來(lai)源：國家電網(wang)公司 發布時間：2010-07-13
充分發揮了大范圍長距離資源(yuan)優化配(pei)(pei)置(zhi)的作用，有力促(cu)進了北方火(huo)(huo)電(dian)(dian)和南方水電(dian)(dian)資源(yuan)的合理利用，這是1000千伏特(te)高(gao)壓(ya)交流試驗示范工(gong)程自(zi)1月6日正式投入商(shang)業運(yun)行以來展現的聯網(wang)效益。截(jie)至6月30日，該(gai)工(gong)程已累(lei)計輸送南水北火(huo)(huo)互濟(ji)電(dian)(dian)量43.2億千瓦(wa)時，使(shi)華北、華中(zhong)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)形成(cheng)較(jiao)為堅強的聯系，特(te)高(gao)壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)水火(huo)(huo)互濟(ji)資源(yuan)配(pei)(pei)置(zhi)優勢初步顯(xian)現。
半年來，特高壓交(jiao)流試驗示范工程經(jing)受(shou)了2月(yue)份(fen)暴風雪和3～6月(yue)多次(ci)大風雷雨等惡劣氣(qi)象條(tiao)件的考驗，始終保持平穩運行。枯水期間，特高壓電網(wang)以(yi)低于湖北(bei)省(sheng)(sheng)新建火電機組平均上網(wang)電價0.04117元/千瓦(wa)時(shi)的價格，累(lei)計從山西(xi)省(sheng)(sheng)向華(hua)中電網(wang)送電33.14億千瓦(wa)時(shi)，日最大電力199.48萬千瓦(wa)；南方汛期，特高壓電網(wang)改從華(hua)中地區向華(hua)北(bei)地區輸送清潔水電，截至6月(yue)30日，累(lei)計輸送電能10.06億千瓦(wa)時(shi)，日最大電力183.00萬千瓦(wa)。
半(ban)年(nian)來，特高壓電網在(zai)互為(wei)備(bei)用、錯峰調峰、水(shui)火互濟(ji)、減少(shao)棄水(shui)量(liang)、優化(hua)能(neng)(neng)源資源配置、提高電能(neng)(neng)經濟(ji)社會效益、優化(hua)終端能(neng)(neng)源消費結構等方面(mian)，取(qu)得了顯(xian)著社會效益和(he)經濟(ji)效益。
來自山西(xi)省(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)公司的測算(suan)表明(ming)，特(te)高壓(ya)(ya)輸(shu)(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)緩解了公路、鐵(tie)路輸(shu)(shu)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)。按(an)山西(xi)省(sheng)調(diao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)廠上半年平均供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)耗355克/千(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)折算(suan)，33.14億千(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)的“北(bei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)南送”電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)，需(xu)就地轉化原煤(mei)(mei)(mei)176.47萬(wan)噸，相當于減(jian)少(shao)輸(shu)(shu)送原煤(mei)(mei)(mei)車皮2.94萬(wan)個，且(qie)有(you)效減(jian)輕了環境(jing)污染。受國際金融(rong)危機影響，山西(xi)省(sheng)1～5月份(fen)全社會(hui)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)同(tong)(tong)比下降13.95%，但同(tong)(tong)期(qi)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)同(tong)(tong)比僅下降5.63%，特(te)高壓(ya)(ya)輸(shu)(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)促(cu)進(jin)了山西(xi)富(fu)余電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)的消(xiao)納，有(you)效提(ti)高了火電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機組利用(yong)小時(shi)數。特(te)高壓(ya)(ya)“南電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)北(bei)送”的10.06億千(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)，相當于節(jie)約標準(zhun)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)35.72萬(wan)噸，減(jian)排(pai)二氧(yang)化碳20萬(wan)噸，相當于煤(mei)(mei)(mei)炭脫硫后(hou)減(jian)排(pai)二氧(yang)化硫286噸，整個汛期(qi)預計可(ke)節(jie)約標準(zhun)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)近(jin)百萬(wan)噸，同(tong)(tong)時(shi)使華(hua)中富(fu)余清(qing)潔(jie)水電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)在更(geng)大范圍內(nei)得到及時(shi)高效的配置。
特(te)高(gao)壓電(dian)(dian)網(wang)能取得巨(ju)大(da)的聯網(wang)效(xiao)(xiao)益，原(yuan)因在(zai)于(yu)我國地域遼闊，不同地區(qu)負荷特(te)性、電(dian)(dian)源結構(gou)差異較(jiao)大(da)。國家(jia)(jia)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)北京經濟技術研究院專家(jia)(jia)說，到2020年(nian)，隨(sui)著特(te)高(gao)壓電(dian)(dian)網(wang)不斷(duan)發展，可(ke)以有效(xiao)(xiao)減少(shao)備用容量，從而(er)至(zhi)少(shao)減少(shao)裝機(ji)容量2000萬(wan)千瓦，節約電(dian)(dian)源建設(she)投資(zi)約800億元；由于(yu)地區(qu)煤(mei)(mei)價差異，全國聯網(wang)方(fang)式與區(qu)域電(dian)(dian)網(wang)單獨運行相比，燃煤(mei)(mei)成本也(ye)可(ke)大(da)大(da)降低(di)。
目前，特高(gao)壓(ya)工(gong)程正為(wei)滿足(zu)今夏華北、華中地區用(yong)電(dian)需求作(zuo)出(chu)貢獻(xian)。6月(yue)，電(dian)網(wang)全面進入夏季(ji)大負(fu)荷時期(qi)，華北、華中電(dian)網(wang)及其轄內9個省級電(dian)網(wang)最大負(fu)荷均創新高(gao)。國家電(dian)網(wang)公司將密切跟蹤電(dian)力(li)需求趨勢(shi)變化，提高(gao)負(fu)荷預測的(de)科學性和(he)準確性，不斷(duan)優化電(dian)網(wang)運行方式，充分(fen)發揮特高(gao)壓(ya)工(gong)程在跨區電(dian)力(li)交易中的(de)重要作(zuo)用(yong)。