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隨著航天工程技術快速發展，航天器有效載荷不斷增加、需求功率不斷增大，迫切需要長壽命、高可靠、輕量化、小型化的新一代蓄電池。我國高軌衛星儲能電池技術落后，難以滿足型號發展需要，亟需開展相關領域技術攻關，解決核心技術受制于人問題。

中國電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)科所屬(shu)第18研(yan)究所經過多(duo)年研(yan)究，攻克了(le)鋰離(li)子蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)應用于高軌衛星(xing)的(de)(de)系(xi)列技(ji)(ji)術難(nan)題，取得多(duo)項(xiang)創(chuang)新成果：一(yi)是(shi)突破長壽(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)命(ming)(ming)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)設(she)計、一(yi)致(zhi)性篩選、壽(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)命(ming)(ming)建模與評(ping)價(jia)技(ji)(ji)術，掌握長壽(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)命(ming)(ming)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)制備成套(tao)工(gong)藝，大幅提升電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)使用壽(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)命(ming)(ming)，研(yan)制的(de)(de)鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)全充、全放循環(huan)壽(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)命(ming)(ming)超過3000次，完全滿足高軌衛星(xing)15年的(de)(de)壽(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)命(ming)(ming)需要(yao)(yao)。二是(shi)針對(dui)太空環(huan)境特(te)殊要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)，發明新型絕(jue)緣密封結構，解(jie)決薄壁殼體電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子束焊接難(nan)題，滿足機械振(zhen)動、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液腐蝕(shi)、真(zhen)空負壓(ya)、輻射老化和(he)多(duo)相(xiang)絕(jue)緣等復雜(za)條件下，蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)穩定(ding)性和(he)可靠性要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)。三是(shi)創(chuang)新設(she)計3并套(tao)筒(tong)式結構，解(jie)決蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)產(chan)品(pin)機電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)熱一(yi)體化技(ji)(ji)術難(nan)題，減(jian)小(xiao)了(le)產(chan)品(pin)安裝(zhuang)體積、功(gong)率回(hui)路(lu)路(lu)徑和(he)輸(shu)出阻抗，降低(di)了(le)整機溫度梯度和(he)系(xi)統(tong)短(duan)路(lu)風(feng)險。四(si)是(shi)發明自主均(jun)衡矩陣補(bu)償技(ji)(ji)術，可根據單體電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)與平均(jun)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)比(bi)較關(guan)系(xi)，對(dui)單體電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)進行補(bu)償分流，解(jie)決了(le)因(yin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)自放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)導致(zhi)的(de)(de)性能(neng)離(li)散問題，提升了(le)蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)在軌工(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)自主管(guan)控(kong)水平。

項(xiang)目授權發明專利5項(xiang)，發表(biao)論(lun)文(wen)10篇，獲國(guo)防科(ke)技進步(bu)一等(deng)獎(jiang)1項(xiang)，形成(cheng)核心技術秘(mi)密2項(xiang)，創造直接(jie)經濟效益3.6億元以上。項(xiang)目成(cheng)果先(xian)后(hou)在北斗導(dao)航衛星、“DFH-3B”衛星平臺等(deng)應用(yong)，解決了(le)長(chang)(chang)壽(shou)命高軌(gui)衛星用(yong)高性能儲能電池長(chang)(chang)期依賴進口的問題，為我國(guo)實現關鍵航天(tian)產品(pin)“自主可控、穩定(ding)運(yun)行”作出了(le)重要貢獻。

 

【責任編輯：李瑛】