文章來源：考(kao)核分配局 發布時間：2020-01-16
近日，國務(wu)院(yuan)國資委發布(bu)了《中央企業(ye)工資總額管(guan)理(li)辦(ban)法》（國資委令第39號(hao)，以下(xia)簡稱《辦(ban)法》）。《辦(ban)法》出臺后，國務(wu)院(yuan)國資委有(you)關負責同(tong)志接受了記者采訪。
問：請介紹《辦法》的起草背景。
答(da)：中央企業工(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總額管理(li)是調節國家、企業、職(zhi)工(gong)三者利(li)益(yi)關系(xi)的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要方(fang)式(shi)，也是國資(zi)(zi)(zi)委(wei)依法履(lv)行出資(zi)(zi)(zi)人職(zhi)責的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要手段，一(yi)直以來(lai)，在推動中央企業改革發展(zhan)、確(que)保國有資(zi)(zi)(zi)產保值(zhi)增值(zhi)方(fang)面發揮了重(zhong)要作用，同(tong)時，工(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總額管理(li)又是關乎民生福(fu)祉的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要內容，涉及中央企業廣(guang)大(da)干部職(zhi)工(gong)的(de)(de)(de)切身利(li)益(yi)，歷(li)來(lai)受到各方(fang)面的(de)(de)(de)高度關注。
國資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)委(wei)成(cheng)立(li)以(yi)來(lai)，對(dui)完善工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理制(zhi)(zhi)度做了(le)(le)大(da)量積極有(you)(you)效探索(suo)，總(zong)(zong)(zong)體(ti)(ti)上(shang)分為三個階(jie)段。第一階(jie)段為承接起(qi)步(bu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，從(cong)2003年(nian)(nian)(nian)至2007年(nian)(nian)(nian)，國資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)委(wei)在(zai)(zai)(zai)依法(fa)(fa)(fa)承接原勞(lao)動(dong)保障(zhang)部(bu)(bu)門對(dui)中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)監管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)職能的(de)(de)(de)基礎(chu)上(shang)，從(cong)出(chu)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)人的(de)(de)(de)角(jiao)度，持續對(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)效掛(gua)鉤管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理辦(ban)法(fa)(fa)(fa)進行改革和(he)(he)(he)完善，初步(bu)構建(jian)(jian)了(le)(le)出(chu)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)人對(dui)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)調控(kong)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)促進企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)經(jing)濟效益高(gao)速增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)的(de)(de)(de)同時，保障(zhang)了(le)(le)職工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)較快提高(gao)。第二階(jie)段是(shi)改革突破(po)(po)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，重(zhong)點(dian)是(shi)探索(suo)和(he)(he)(he)建(jian)(jian)立(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)預(yu)算(suan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理的(de)(de)(de)體(ti)(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)。2008年(nian)(nian)(nian)國資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)委(wei)在(zai)(zai)(zai)部(bu)(bu)分重(zhong)點(dian)行業(ye)啟動(dong)了(le)(le)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)預(yu)算(suan)試點(dian)，著手建(jian)(jian)立(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)預(yu)算(suan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理制(zhi)(zhi)度體(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)，2010年(nian)(nian)(nian)、2012年(nian)(nian)(nian)先后(hou)印(yin)發(fa)(fa)了(le)(le)《中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)預(yu)算(suan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理暫行辦(ban)法(fa)(fa)(fa)》和(he)(he)(he)《中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)預(yu)算(suan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理暫行辦(ban)法(fa)(fa)(fa)實(shi)施(shi)(shi)細則》，2014年(nian)(nian)(nian)實(shi)現了(le)(le)中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)預(yu)算(suan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理全覆(fu)蓋。這(zhe)個時期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)改革突破(po)(po)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)構建(jian)(jian)起(qi)了(le)(le)既符(fu)合現代(dai)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)制(zhi)(zhi)度，又與中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)實(shi)際相結(jie)合的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)預(yu)算(suan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理制(zhi)(zhi)度體(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)，也為全國國有(you)(you)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)全面實(shi)行工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)預(yu)算(suan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理提供了(le)(le)可復制(zhi)(zhi)、可推廣的(de)(de)(de)經(jing)驗和(he)(he)(he)改革藍本。2014年(nian)(nian)(nian)以(yi)后(hou)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)深化國企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)改革的(de)(de)(de)大(da)背景下(xia)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理進入第三階(jie)段，即持續深化期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，重(zhong)點(dian)以(yi)分類管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理為手段，制(zhi)(zhi)定了(le)(le)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)預(yu)算(suan)備案制(zhi)(zhi)周期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)制(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理、工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)特別獎勵(li)等一系(xi)(xi)列政策措施(shi)(shi)，進一步(bu)增(zeng)(zeng)強了(le)(le)職工(gong)(gong)(gong)收入分配調控(kong)的(de)(de)(de)針(zhen)對(dui)性和(he)(he)(he)有(you)(you)效性，在(zai)(zai)(zai)經(jing)濟發(fa)(fa)展新常態(tai)下(xia)，發(fa)(fa)揮了(le)(le)助力(li)中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)穩增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)、激發(fa)(fa)和(he)(he)(he)調動(dong)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)干(gan)部(bu)(bu)職工(gong)(gong)(gong)積極性的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要作用。
黨的(de)(de)(de)十九大站在新的(de)(de)(de)歷史(shi)起(qi)(qi)點(dian)上，明確我國(guo)經(jing)濟(ji)已經(jing)由高(gao)速增長階段(duan)轉向高(gao)質量發(fa)(fa)展階段(duan)，作出了(le)貫徹新發(fa)(fa)展理念、實現高(gao)質量發(fa)(fa)展的(de)(de)(de)部署，提(ti)出了(le)培育(yu)具有全(quan)球競爭力(li)的(de)(de)(de)世界一(yi)(yi)流(liu)企(qi)(qi)業目標(biao)。按照黨中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)、國(guo)務院(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)決(jue)策部署，以及《中(zhong)(zhong)共中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang) 國(guo)務院(yuan)(yuan)關于(yu)深化國(guo)有企(qi)(qi)業改(gai)革的(de)(de)(de)指(zhi)導意(yi)(yi)見(jian)》（中(zhong)(zhong)發(fa)(fa)〔2015〕22號(hao)，以下(xia)(xia)簡稱中(zhong)(zhong)發(fa)(fa)22號(hao)文件）提(ti)出的(de)(de)(de)“建立健全(quan)與勞動力(li)市場(chang)基本適應、與企(qi)(qi)業經(jing)濟(ji)效益和勞動生產率(lv)掛鉤的(de)(de)(de)工資(zi)決(jue)定(ding)(ding)和正(zheng)常增長機制(zhi)(zhi)”，即“一(yi)(yi)適應、兩(liang)掛鉤”的(de)(de)(de)總要求，人力(li)資(zi)源社會保障(zhang)部、財政部、國(guo)資(zi)委(wei)共同研究起(qi)(qi)草(cao)《關于(yu)改(gai)革國(guo)有企(qi)(qi)業工資(zi)決(jue)定(ding)(ding)機制(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)意(yi)(yi)見(jian)》（以下(xia)(xia)簡稱《意(yi)(yi)見(jian)》），2018年(nian)5月，《意(yi)(yi)見(jian)》經(jing)由中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)全(quan)面(mian)深化改(gai)革委(wei)員(yuan)會第(di)一(yi)(yi)次會議(yi)審議(yi)通過，國(guo)務院(yuan)(yuan)正(zheng)式印發(fa)(fa)。國(guo)資(zi)委(wei)作為(wei)共同牽(qian)頭單(dan)位，在積極(ji)參與《意(yi)(yi)見(jian)》制(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)(ding)工作的(de)(de)(de)同時(shi)，根據《意(yi)(yi)見(jian)》精神，結合中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)(qi)業改(gai)革發(fa)(fa)展的(de)(de)(de)實際(ji)情況(kuang)，對中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)(qi)業工資(zi)總額管(guan)理制(zhi)(zhi)度體系進行全(quan)面(mian)修(xiu)訂完善(shan)，同步制(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)(ding)了(le)《辦法》。
作為(wei)《意見(jian)》在中央企業落地(di)落實的(de)配套文件(jian)制度，在近兩年的(de)起草制定(ding)過(guo)程中，國(guo)(guo)資(zi)委(wei)廣泛征求了(le)各有(you)關部(bu)(bu)門、地(di)方國(guo)(guo)資(zi)委(wei)以及全部(bu)(bu)中央企業意見(jian)，期間(jian)數易其稿，最終由國(guo)(guo)務(wu)院國(guo)(guo)資(zi)委(wei)黨委(wei)會和主(zhu)任辦公會審議通過(guo)，以國(guo)(guo)務(wu)院國(guo)(guo)資(zi)委(wei)令的(de)形式正式公布。
問：制定《辦法》的主要目的和意義是什么。
答：《辦法》是國(guo)資(zi)委(wei)首次以委(wei)令(ling)形式公開發(fa)布(bu)的中(zhong)(zhong)央企業工資(zi)總額管理制(zhi)度文件(jian)，充分體現了國(guo)資(zi)委(wei)對(dui)這項(xiang)工作的高(gao)度重(zhong)視。制(zhi)定《辦法》的根(gen)本(ben)目(mu)的，是貫徹落實習近(jin)平新時代中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)特色社會主義思想，增強(qiang)中(zhong)(zhong)央企業活(huo)力(li)和競爭力(li)，促進中(zhong)(zhong)央企業實現高(gao)質量發(fa)展。
中央企(qi)業工資(zi)總額(e)管理，既要(yao)與國有(you)企(qi)業工資(zi)決(jue)定機(ji)制(zhi)改革的(de)(de)總體(ti)方向保(bao)持(chi)一致，又(you)要(yao)充(chong)分體(ti)現(xian)中央企(qi)業自身(shen)的(de)(de)經營發展(zhan)特點(dian)。此(ci)次出臺(tai)的(de)(de)《辦法》，緊扣《意見》的(de)(de)精神(shen)實質，切(qie)實做(zuo)到了將出資(zi)人依法調(diao)控和企(qi)業自主(zhu)分配有(you)機(ji)結(jie)合。
一是明確(que)提(ti)出按中央企(qi)業功能定位(wei)對工(gong)資(zi)總(zong)額實行分類管理(li)(li)。此次改革的重要創新點(dian)之一就是分類管理(li)(li)，將工(gong)資(zi)總(zong)額預(yu)算(suan)備案制管理(li)(li)的實施(shi)范圍，擴大到全部主(zhu)業處于充分競爭行業和(he)領域的商業類中央企(qi)業，由企(qi)業董事(shi)(shi)會依法依規自主(zhu)決(jue)定年(nian)度(du)工(gong)資(zi)總(zong)額預(yu)算(suan)，國資(zi)委由事(shi)(shi)前(qian)核準轉變為事(shi)(shi)前(qian)引(yin)導、事(shi)(shi)中監(jian)測和(he)事(shi)(shi)后監(jian)督。
二(er)是(shi)明確提出了對中央企業(ye)工(gong)資總額實行分級管理。國資委(wei)負責管制度、管總量、管監督(du)，中央企業(ye)負責管內部自主分配、管預(yu)算分解落實、管具體操作執行，國資委(wei)與(yu)中央企業(ye)權責清晰、各司其職。
三是進一步(bu)完善中央企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)總(zong)額(e)(e)與(yu)經(jing)濟(ji)效(xiao)益(yi)掛鉤(gou)決(jue)定(ding)機(ji)制。《辦法》圍(wei)繞建立(li)健全“一適(shi)應、兩掛鉤(gou)”工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)決(jue)定(ding)機(ji)制的(de)(de)目標要求，進行了(le)一系列(lie)重大創新(xin)。如明確了(le)中央企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)總(zong)額(e)(e)根(gen)據(ju)效(xiao)益(yi)決(jue)定(ding)，并按(an)照(zhao)效(xiao)率調整，進一步(bu)豐富了(le)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)與(yu)效(xiao)益(yi)掛鉤(gou)的(de)(de)內涵，全面樹立(li)“工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)是掙出(chu)來”的(de)(de)核心理念。再(zai)比如《辦法》進一步(bu)簡(jian)化了(le)出(chu)資(zi)(zi)人(ren)根(gen)據(ju)國家要求調控企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)水平(ping)的(de)(de)規定(ding)，突出(chu)了(le)出(chu)資(zi)(zi)人(ren)以管資(zi)(zi)本(ben)為主加強監管、簡(jian)政放(fang)權的(de)(de)管理導向，釋放(fang)了(le)積極的(de)(de)改革信號。同(tong)時，《辦法》還(huan)明確了(le)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)同(tong)口徑增人(ren)不增工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)總(zong)額(e)(e)、減人(ren)不減工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)總(zong)額(e)(e)的(de)(de)有關規定(ding)，鼓勵(li)中央企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)提高(gao)用人(ren)效(xiao)率。
四是(shi)進一步強(qiang)調深化(hua)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)內(nei)(nei)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)配制(zhi)度改革。《辦法(fa)》在宏觀層面(mian)完善國家、企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)和(he)職(zhi)工(gong)三者工(gong)資分(fen)(fen)(fen)配關系的(de)(de)(de)同時(shi)，強(qiang)調企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)作為內(nei)(nei)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)配的(de)(de)(de)責(ze)任主體，應當持(chi)續深化(hua)內(nei)(nei)部(bu)三項制(zhi)度改革，構建形成企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)內(nei)(nei)部(bu)管(guan)理人員(yuan)能(neng)(neng)上能(neng)(neng)下、員(yuan)工(gong)能(neng)(neng)進能(neng)(neng)出(chu)、收入能(neng)(neng)增(zeng)能(neng)(neng)減的(de)(de)(de)市場化(hua)勞(lao)動(dong)用工(gong)和(he)收入分(fen)(fen)(fen)配管(guan)理機制(zhi)，切實承擔起搞(gao)好、搞(gao)活企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)內(nei)(nei)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)配的(de)(de)(de)職(zhi)責(ze)。
五是進一步強(qiang)調(diao)工(gong)(gong)資總額(e)管(guan)理的監(jian)督檢查(cha)，明確(que)界定企(qi)業的違(wei)規責任。如(ru)明確(que)對于實施(shi)備(bei)案(an)制(zhi)管(guan)理的企(qi)業，出現(xian)嚴重違(wei)反國家和國資委關(guan)于收入分配有關(guan)規定的，將其(qi)工(gong)(gong)資總額(e)預(yu)算管(guan)理方(fang)式由備(bei)案(an)制(zhi)調(diao)整為核準制(zhi)，確(que)保(bao)(bao)做到權(quan)責對等。同時，《辦法》明確(que)將企(qi)業工(gong)(gong)資總額(e)管(guan)理情況(kuang)納入各項監(jian)督檢查(cha)范圍，與審計、巡視等工(gong)(gong)作形成合力，切實保(bao)(bao)證監(jian)管(guan)到位。
總的(de)(de)來說，《辦法(fa)》較好地體現了中(zhong)發(fa)22號文(wen)件(jian)的(de)(de)改革要(yao)(yao)求，體現了黨的(de)(de)十九大(da)提出(chu)的(de)(de)堅持質(zhi)量第一(yi)、效(xiao)益(yi)優先的(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)理念，符合(he)此前國(guo)有(you)(you)企業(ye)改革座談會(hui)提出(chu)強(qiang)化正向激(ji)勵的(de)(de)有(you)(you)關(guan)(guan)精神(shen)，符合(he)中(zhong)央關(guan)(guan)于簡政放(fang)(fang)權、“放(fang)(fang)管服”的(de)(de)改革要(yao)(yao)求，對促進中(zhong)央企業(ye)實現高質(zhi)量發(fa)展(zhan)、推(tui)動國(guo)有(you)(you)資本(ben)做(zuo)強(qiang)做(zuo)優做(zuo)大(da)，加(jia)快培育具有(you)(you)全球競爭力(li)的(de)(de)世(shi)界一(yi)流企業(ye)具有(you)(you)重要(yao)(yao)意義。
問(wen)：根據新的《辦法》，中央企(qi)業職工工資總額具體如何決定？
答：《辦法》緊(jin)緊(jin)圍繞建立(li)健(jian)全(quan)“一適應、兩掛鉤(gou)”工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)決定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)機制(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)要求，提(ti)出中央企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)總(zong)額(e)預算主(zhu)要按照(zhao)效益決定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)、效率(lv)調(diao)整(zheng)(zheng)、水平調(diao)控三(san)個環(huan)節決定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)。一是工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)總(zong)額(e)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)主(zhu)要與(yu)(yu)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)經(jing)濟(ji)效益增(zeng)(zeng)幅掛鉤(gou)聯動(dong)。《辦法》明確中央企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)總(zong)額(e)預算與(yu)(yu)利潤總(zong)額(e)等經(jing)濟(ji)效益指標(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)業(ye)(ye)(ye)績考(kao)核目標(biao)(biao)值掛鉤(gou)，并且根(gen)(gen)據目標(biao)(biao)值的(de)(de)(de)先進(jin)程度(du)(du)(du)確定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)不同的(de)(de)(de)預算水平，引(yin)導(dao)中央企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)通過(guo)完成高(gao)質量發(fa)展(zhan)目標(biao)(biao)帶動(dong)職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)總(zong)額(e)合理有(you)序(xu)(xu)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)。二是工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)總(zong)額(e)增(zeng)(zeng)幅應當(dang)根(gen)(gen)據效率(lv)水平進(jin)行適度(du)(du)(du)調(diao)整(zheng)(zheng)。《辦法》提(ti)出工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)還應當(dang)通過(guo)人(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)成本投入產出效率(lv)、勞(lao)動(dong)生產率(lv)等指標(biao)(biao)對標(biao)(biao)進(jin)行調(diao)整(zheng)(zheng)，突(tu)出引(yin)導(dao)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)提(ti)高(gao)效率(lv)的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)理導(dao)向，進(jin)一步協調(diao)不同效率(lv)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)分(fen)配(pei)關系，提(ti)高(gao)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)總(zong)額(e)決定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)機制(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)科(ke)(ke)學性與(yu)(yu)有(you)效性。三(san)是注重收入分(fen)配(pei)公平，國資(zi)委按照(zhao)國家有(you)關部(bu)(bu)門發(fa)布(bu)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)指導(dao)線和(he)對非競爭類國有(you)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)調(diao)控要求，對部(bu)(bu)分(fen)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)水平偏高(gao)、過(guo)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)行業(ye)(ye)(ye)與(yu)(yu)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)，尤其是主(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)不屬于充分(fen)競爭行業(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)領域的(de)(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)過(guo)快的(de)(de)(de)情況進(jin)行適當(dang)約束，確保企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)的(de)(de)(de)水平與(yu)(yu)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)幅度(du)(du)(du)更加公平合理、規范(fan)有(you)序(xu)(xu)。同時，對中央企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)承擔重大專項(xiang)(xiang)任務、重大科(ke)(ke)技創新項(xiang)(xiang)目等特殊事項(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)，也(ye)明確要予(yu)以適度(du)(du)(du)支持。
問：分類管理是當前深化國有企業(ye)改革的重(zhong)要手(shou)段，《辦法》針對不(bu)同功能定位(wei)的中(zhong)央企業(ye)采取了(le)哪(na)些差(cha)異化的工資總額監管措施。
答：《辦(ban)法》提(ti)(ti)出按照功能(neng)定(ding)(ding)位對(dui)(dui)中央(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)實(shi)(shi)(shi)行(xing)分類(lei)管理(li)(li)。一是對(dui)(dui)不同(tong)功能(neng)定(ding)(ding)位中央(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)采取差(cha)異(yi)化(hua)(hua)的(de)管理(li)(li)方(fang)式。對(dui)(dui)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)處于(yu)充分競爭(zheng)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)領域的(de)商(shang)(shang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)類(lei)中央(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)預算原(yuan)則上(shang)全(quan)部實(shi)(shi)(shi)行(xing)備案制(zhi)(zhi)管理(li)(li)，由企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)董事會在(zai)依法依規的(de)前提(ti)(ti)下(xia)，自主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)決定(ding)(ding)年度工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)預算，國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)資(zi)(zi)委(wei)由事前核準轉變為(wei)事前引(yin)導、事中監測和(he)(he)事后監督；對(dui)(dui)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)處于(yu)關系(xi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)安(an)全(quan)、國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)經濟(ji)(ji)(ji)命脈(mo)的(de)重要(yao)(yao)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)關鍵(jian)領域、主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)承擔重大(da)專項(xiang)任(ren)務(wu)的(de)商(shang)(shang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)類(lei)中央(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)以提(ti)(ti)供公共產(chan)品和(he)(he)服務(wu)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)公益(yi)(yi)類(lei)中央(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)，工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)預算繼續實(shi)(shi)(shi)行(xing)核準制(zhi)(zhi)管理(li)(li)。二是與國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)企(qi)(qi)(qi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)資(zi)(zi)改(gai)革試點(dian)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)全(quan)面對(dui)(dui)接(jie)。對(dui)(dui)開展國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)資(zi)(zi)本投資(zi)(zi)、運營公司或者混合(he)所(suo)有(you)制(zhi)(zhi)改(gai)革等試點(dian)的(de)中央(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)，提(ti)(ti)出可(ke)以探(tan)索實(shi)(shi)(shi)行(xing)更(geng)(geng)加靈活高效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)的(de)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)管理(li)(li)方(fang)式。三是對(dui)(dui)不同(tong)功能(neng)定(ding)(ding)位中央(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)實(shi)(shi)(shi)行(xing)差(cha)異(yi)化(hua)(hua)的(de)決定(ding)(ding)機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)。《辦(ban)法》規定(ding)(ding)，中央(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)可(ke)以根據功能(neng)定(ding)(ding)位，在(zai)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)與經濟(ji)(ji)(ji)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)(yi)匹配(pei)的(de)大(da)原(yuan)則下(xia)，選取差(cha)異(yi)化(hua)(hua)的(de)經濟(ji)(ji)(ji)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)(yi)指(zhi)標與工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)增長掛(gua)鉤，尤其是對(dui)(dui)于(yu)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)處于(yu)關系(xi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)安(an)全(quan)、國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)經濟(ji)(ji)(ji)命脈(mo)的(de)重要(yao)(yao)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)關鍵(jian)領域、主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)承擔重大(da)專項(xiang)任(ren)務(wu)的(de)商(shang)(shang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)類(lei)中央(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)公益(yi)(yi)類(lei)中央(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)，可(ke)以探(tan)索結構化(hua)(hua)管理(li)(li)方(fang)式，允許企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)在(zai)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)中自主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)確定(ding)(ding)一定(ding)(ding)比例的(de)保障(zhang)性工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)，與企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)所(suo)承擔特(te)殊任(ren)務(wu)和(he)(he)公益(yi)(yi)性業(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)完成情(qing)況掛(gua)鉤，促進(jin)中央(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)實(shi)(shi)(shi)現社會效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)(yi)和(he)(he)經濟(ji)(ji)(ji)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)(yi)有(you)機(ji)統一，更(geng)(geng)好(hao)發揮各類(lei)中央(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)在(zai)經濟(ji)(ji)(ji)社會發展中的(de)功能(neng)作(zuo)用，更(geng)(geng)好(hao)地契(qi)合(he)了當前分類(lei)推(tui)進(jin)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)改(gai)革發展的(de)總(zong)(zong)體(ti)方(fang)向(xiang)。
問：請(qing)介紹(shao)國資(zi)委下(xia)一步的工(gong)作安排。
答：《辦法(fa)》于2019年(nian)在中央企(qi)業全面施行，此次對中央企(qi)業工資(zi)總額決定(ding)機制(zhi)和管(guan)理制(zhi)度體系進行全面改革，事(shi)關(guan)中央企(qi)業改革發展，事(shi)關(guan)廣(guang)大企(qi)業職工切身(shen)利益，事(shi)關(guan)收入分配和諧有(you)序，涉(she)及面廣(guang)、政策性強、影響力大。國(guo)資(zi)委將在今后一個(ge)時期，采取積(ji)極措施，統(tong)籌(chou)推進工作(zuo)，確保《辦法(fa)》全面貫徹落實。
一是國資委將按(an)照《辦法(fa)》，全面部署2019年中央企(qi)業工(gong)資總(zong)額預算管理相(xiang)關工(gong)作。
二是加(jia)快(kuai)相關(guan)配(pei)套文(wen)件的正(zheng)式(shi)出臺。包括《辦法》中工資決定(ding)機制(zhi)的具體(ti)實施(shi)規程、備案制(zhi)管(guan)理(li)實施(shi)方案、周期制(zhi)管(guan)理(li)實施(shi)方案以(yi)及工資管(guan)理(li)特(te)殊事項清單等，將盡快(kuai)研究出臺完(wan)整的工資管(guan)理(li)政策體(ti)系，以(yi)利企業執行。
三是加(jia)大政(zheng)策宣貫和(he)培訓力度(du)。國資(zi)委將組織系(xi)列面向中央(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)政(zheng)策培訓，通過政(zheng)策宣講、專家解讀(du)、專題培訓等多種(zhong)形式，確(que)保各(ge)中央(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)準確(que)把握《辦法》精神實質，并推動中央(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)制定和(he)完善本企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)工資(zi)總額管理制度(du)體系(xi)。
四是(shi)協同推(tui)進(jin)工(gong)資分(fen)配(pei)相(xiang)關配(pei)套改(gai)(gai)革。2019年，國資委將進(jin)一步深入(ru)推(tui)進(jin)中央企業(ye)內(nei)部三項制(zhi)(zhi)度改(gai)(gai)革工(gong)作，加(jia)快推(tui)進(jin)企業(ye)建立健全市(shi)場化(hua)勞動用工(gong)和收入(ru)分(fen)配(pei)管理機制(zhi)(zhi)，持續(xu)增強企業(ye)活(huo)力(li)與競爭力(li)。同時，在加(jia)大出資人(ren)授權改(gai)(gai)革的(de)同時，加(jia)強對中央企業(ye)工(gong)資分(fen)配(pei)合規性的(de)監(jian)督檢查，強化(hua)事中監(jian)測和事后監(jian)督，確保權力(li)放得(de)下、接得(de)住。
【責任編輯：李瑛】